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Muerte por diarrea aguda en niños: un estudio de factores pronósticos / Death due to acute diarrhea in children: a study of prognostic factors
Tomé, Patricia; Reyes, Hortencia; Rodríguez, Leticia; Guiscafré, Héctor; Gutiérrez, Gonzalo.
  • Tomé, Patricia; s.af
  • Reyes, Hortencia; s.af
  • Rodríguez, Leticia; s.af
  • Guiscafré, Héctor; s.af
  • Gutiérrez, Gonzalo; s.af
Salud pública Méx ; 38(4): 227-235, jul.-ago. 1996. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-184051
RESUMEN

Objetivo:

Identificar los factores pronósticos de muerte por diarrea aguda relacionados con el proceso enfermedad-atención-muerte en el estado de Tlaxcala, México. Material y

métodos:

El estudio se realizó mediante un diseño de casos y controles. Se definieron como casos a las defunciones de niños menores de cinco años y mayores de 72 horas de edad, ocurridas durante 1992-1994, con diagnóstico principal de diarrea aguda (DA) como causa de muerte de acuerdo con el certificado de defunción y confirmado por autopsia verbal (AV). Los controles fueron niños con DA, que tuvieron por lo menos un dato de deshidratación o de alarma, y que curaron; fueron seleccionados aleatoriamente de la comunidad y elegidos por frecuencia de edad con los casos. Resultados. Se incluyeron 106 controles. Por medio de un análisis de regresión logística, controlando gravedad con días de evolución, se identificaron como factores de mal pronóstico consulta otorgada por médico privado, con una razón de momios (RM) 8.9; atención incorrecta en consultorio (RM 10.4); madre que trabaja fuera del hogar (RM 8.7); desconocimiento por parte de la madre de signos de deshidratación (RM 8.1); desnutrición de hermanos (RM 28.2); y desnutrición antes de enfermar (RM 7.5). Conclusiones. Se identifican factores de mal pronóstico que tienen relación con la atención médica deficiente y con la falta de cuidado de la diarrea en el hogar. La desnutrición resultó un importante indicador de mal pronóstico
ABSTRACT
Objective. To identify prognostic factors of death due to acute diarrhea related to the process disease-health caredeath in the State of Tlaxcala, Mexico. Material and methods. A case-control design was used. Cases were defined as children who died between the ages of seventy two hours and five years between 1992 and 1994. An event of acute diarrhea was the main cause of death stated in the death certificate. Case ascertainment was done through the verbal autopsy method. Controls were children who had suffered acute diarrhea with at least one sign of dehydration or alarm and had overcome the diarrheal episode. Controls were randomly selected from the population at large and were matched by age with cases. Results. One hundred and six cases and the same number of controls were taken. Using a logistic regression procedure in which severity of illness and days of evolution were controlled for, the prognosis worsening predictors were visit provided by private physician (OR 8.9); inappropriate treatment (OR 10.4); a working mother (OR 8.7); mothers' lack of knowledge to identify dehydration signs (OR 8.1); siblings' malnutrition (OR 28.2); and malnutrition prior to the diarrheal event (OR 7.5). Conclusions. These findings suggest that factors worsening the outcome of the diarrheal episode are malnutrition, the inappropriate treatment provided by private physicians, and the deficient household care of the diarrheal episode.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Prognosis / Infant Mortality / Diarrhea, Infantile / Mexico Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Prognostic study Limits: Child / Child, preschool / Humans / Infant Country/Region as subject: Mexico Language: Spanish Journal: Salud pública Méx Journal subject: Public Health Year: 1996 Type: Article

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Prognosis / Infant Mortality / Diarrhea, Infantile / Mexico Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Prognostic study Limits: Child / Child, preschool / Humans / Infant Country/Region as subject: Mexico Language: Spanish Journal: Salud pública Méx Journal subject: Public Health Year: 1996 Type: Article