Occurrence of Pacora virus (PAC: Bunyaviridae: Bunyavirus - like) in Brazilian Amazonia: new findings

RESUMO

The Pacora virus (PAC Bunyaviridae Bunyavirus - like), was known only through some isolates obtained from mosquitoes (culex dunni) in Panama, and two isolates obtained in the Brasilian Amazon region from the sylvatic birds Phlegopsis nigromaculata and Automolus ochrolaemus. In order to add to the knowledge of the arboviruses' cycles, mosquitoes were colected in the Zoobotanical Park of Macapá (Amapá State), from August, 18th to September, 11th, in areas of rain forest and savannah. The collections were done at both ground and canopy levels in the savannah, with human bait and light traps. 5642 mosquitoes have been collected, of which 5580 (or 184 pools) have been inoculated intracerebrally in newborn mice. Two strains of PAC virus have been isolated from unidentified Culex mosquitoes. This result is the first report of PAC virus in Amapá State. The virus has also been isolated for the first time from mosquitoes in Brazil. Thus, the presence of the complete cycle of sylvatic transmission of this agent is confirmed in Brazilian Amazonia. The ecological data available for the host show that the virus circulates at the lower level in the rain forest (0-5 m) with mostly nocturnal mosquitoes as vectors.