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Descripción de un brote de leptospirosis en la ciudad de Santa Fe, Argentina, marzo-abril de 1998 / Description of a leptospirosis outbreak in the city of Santa Fe, Argentina, March-April 1998
Vanasco, Norma B; Sequeira, Gabriel; Dalla Fontana, María L; Fusco, Silvia; Sequeira, Maria D; Enría, Delia.
  • Vanasco, Norma B; s.af
  • Sequeira, Gabriel; s.af
  • Dalla Fontana, María L; s.af
  • Fusco, Silvia; s.af
  • Sequeira, Maria D; s.af
  • Enría, Delia; s.af
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 7(1): 35-40, Jan. 2000. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-264723
RESUMEN
En marzo-abril de 1998 se identificó en un barrio de la ciudad de Santa Fe (Argentina) un brote de una enfermedad aguda caracterizada por fiebre, cefaleas y mialgias intensas. Se presentan los estudios realizados en relación con este brote y los intentos de identificación de la fuente y del modo de transmisión. Los hallazgos epidemiológicos, serológicos y clínicos indicaron que el agente causal fue Leptospira interrogans. Como prueba de tamizaje se aplicó la técnica de aglutinación macroscópica con antígeno termorresistente, seguida de la prueba de ELISA y, como prueba de confirmación, la aglutinación microscópica frente a 10 serovariedades de L. interrogans. Se estudiaron 32 individuos, 8 perros y 8 muestras de agua. Se registraron 12 casos confirmados, 2 probables y 18 negativos. En seis perros se demostró la existencia de infección y en las muestras de agua se detectó la presencia de espiroquetas móviles. Los sueros humanos reaccionaron con las serovariedades ballum, canicola, icterohaemorrhagiae y pyrogenes, y los caninos con ballum, canicola y pomona. La coaglutinación observada en todos los casos confirmados indica que se trató de casos agudos de leptospirosis, pero no permite identificar la serovariedad causal. Salvo en el caso índice, no se reconoció clínicamente la enfermedad. Varios hechos sugieren que la causa del brote fue la inundación pluvial de la zona estudiada. Los resultados de este estudio resaltan la necesidad de una vigilancia activa de la leptospirosis ante desastres naturales como las inundaciones
ABSTRACT
In March­April 1998 in a neighborhood in the city of Santa Fe, Argentina, there was an outbreak of an acute disease characterized by fever, headaches, and intense myalgias. This article presents the studies surrounding this outbreak and the attempts to identify the source and the mode of transmission. The epidemiological, serological, and clinical findings indicated that the causative agent was Leptospira interrogans. As a screening test, macroscopic agglutination with heat-resistant antigen was applied, followed by the ELISA test, and, as a confirmatory test, microscopic agglutination for 10 serotypes of L. interrogans. The study covered 32 persons, 8 dogs, and 8 water samples. Among the 32 persons, 12 cases were confirmed, 2 were suspicious, and 18 were negative. Six dogs were found to be infected, and motile spirochetes were found in the water samples. The human sera reacted with the ballum, canicola, icterohaemorrhagiae, and pyrogenes serotypes; the canine sera reacted with the ballum, canicola, and pomona serotypes. The coagglutination found in all the confirmed cases indicates that they were acute cases of leptospirosis, but it was impossible to identify the causal serotype. Except for the index case, the disease was not recognized clinically. Several facts suggest that the outbreak was caused by rain that had flooded the study area. The results of this study emphasize the need for active surveillance of leptospirosis when there are floods and other natural disasters.
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Flood Control / Leptospira interrogans / Leptospirosis Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Animals / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Argentina Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. panam. salud pública Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2000 Type: Article

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Flood Control / Leptospira interrogans / Leptospirosis Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Animals / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Argentina Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. panam. salud pública Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2000 Type: Article