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Conocimientos sobre la enfermedad de Chagas y factores de riesgo en comunidades epidemiologicamente diferentes de Argentina / Extent of knowledge of Chagas' disease and its risk factors in Argentine communities showing different epidemiologic trends
Sanmartino, Mariana; Crocco, Liliana.
  • Sanmartino, Mariana; s.af
  • Crocco, Liliana; s.af
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 7(3): 173-178, mar. 2000. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-264863
RESUMEN
Actualmente, el control de la enfermedad de Chagas se basa en acciones químicas contra la vinchuca. Sin embargo, existen factores de riesgo como la falta de higiene y el desorden que serían responsables de la persistencia de focos de triatominos. Teniendo en cuenta que las comunidades expuestas al riesgo de contraer la enfermedad poseen escasos conocimientos sobre ella, se definió el nivel óptimo de conocimientos y se determinó el nivel medio de conocimientos de los habitantes de dos zonas epidemiológicamente diferentes de Argentina y se identificaron los factores de riesgo presentes en ambas. El nivel óptimo de conocimientos se definió por 25 "nociones elementales" sobre la enfermedad, a partir de las cuales se elaboraron los cuestionarios para evaluar el nivel medio de conocimientos. Los resultados obtenidos reflejaron un predominio de los factores de riesgo relacionados con la construcción de las viviendas y el desorden, y un limitado nivel de conocimientos sobre la enfermedad. Resultó deficiente el conocimiento de información básica sobre la enfermedad, relacionada, por ejemplo, con el reconocimiento de las ninfas y el mecanismo de transmisión. Un mejor conocimiento del tema supondría un importante avance en la lucha contra la enfermedad de Chagas, conduciendo a los habitantes de áreas endémicas a una mejor comprensión de su realidad y a la adquisición de hábitos que les permitan ser los protagonistas de su propio bienestar
ABSTRACT
Currently, Chagas' disease control consists mainly of chemical warfare against the insect vector. However, a number of risk factors, such as poor hygiene and clutter, can facilitate the persistence of triatomine breeding sites. Relying on the premise that communities at risk of Chagas have little knowledge about the disease, the authors defined the extent of knowledge that is considered optimal and determined how much is known, on average, by the inhabitants of two areas in Argentina showing different epidemiologic trends. Risk factors in both areas were identified. The optimal extent of knowledge was defined in accordance with 25 "basic concepts" surrounding the disease, and from these questionnaires were constructed for evaluating average knowledge about the disease. Results obtained showed that risk factors were linked primarily with the type of dwelling construction and with clutter, as well as with limited knowledge about the disease. There was little basic knowledge about Chagas, with an inability, for example, to identify the vector and describe the mode of transmission. Increasing people's knowledge about the disease would be an important step in the fight against Chagas and would give the inhabitants of endemic areas a better understanding of their situation as well as the chance to develop behaviors that would allow them to assume responsibility for their own welfare.
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice / Risk Factors / Chagas Disease Type of study: Etiology study / Prognostic study / Qualitative research / Risk factors Country/Region as subject: South America / Argentina Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. panam. salud pública Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2000 Type: Article

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice / Risk Factors / Chagas Disease Type of study: Etiology study / Prognostic study / Qualitative research / Risk factors Country/Region as subject: South America / Argentina Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. panam. salud pública Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2000 Type: Article