Estudo do comportamento da pressão intra-ocular em pacientes diabéticos, hipertensos e normais (Projeto Glaucoma) / Analysis of the intraocular pressure in diabetes hypertensive and normal patients (Glaucoma Project)

RESUMO

Objetivo: Analisar os valores da pressão intra-ocular (PIO) entre diferentes grupos de pacientes (diabéticos, hipertensos com ou sem retinopatia) e a população normal. Métodos: Realizou-se a aferição da pressão intra ocular (PIO) em um total de 924 olhos de 482 pacientes com idade igual ou maior que 40 anos (x=56,70;dp=11,89) examinados segundo um protocolo de estudo que incluiu medida da PIO, pressão arterial e glicemia, além da fundoscopia. A determinação da PIO foi obtida pelo tonômetro de aplanação de "Goldmannn" e a glicemia foi aferida por meio de tiras reativas (Destrostix-Bayer). Em seguida os pacientes foram divididos em 7 (sete) grupos hipertensos, hipertensos com retinopatia, diabéticos, diabéticos com retinopatia, hipertensos e diabéticos, hipertensos e diabéticos com retinopataia e a população controle.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To correlate the values of intraocular pressure (IOP) obtained by applanation tonometer (Haag-Streit, Bern, Switzerland) in patients with diabetes mellitus (with or without diabetic retinopathy), hypertension (with or without hypertensive diabetic retinopathy) and the normal population. Patients and Methods: Subjects participating in the Glaucoma Project (n = 924, 40 or more years old) were examined according to standard protocols including IOP measurement, fundoscopy, blood pressure and glucose determination. Patients were divided into seven groups diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy, hypertensive patients without hypertensive retinopathy, diabetic hypertensive patients without retinopathy, diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy, hypertensive patients with hypertensive retinopathy, diabetic hypertensive patients with retinopathy and population-based control. Results: Applying the one-way ANOVA test to a normal distribution at 5% significance, it was observed that IOP values were higher in the groups of hypertensive patients without retinopathy (mean = 16.10), hypertensive patients with hypertensive retinopathy (mean = 16.33) and diabetic hypertensive patients with retinopathy (mean = 16.95) when compared with the other groups. Conclusion: The mean IOP value increases progressively with the evolution of systemic hypertensive disease and when it is associated with diabetes.