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Effect of spinosad bait against Ceratitis capitata (Wied) and Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in laboratory
Raga, Adalton; Sato, Mário E.
  • Raga, Adalton; Instituto Biológico. Campinas. BR
  • Sato, Mário E; Instituto Biológico. Campinas. BR
Neotrop. entomol ; 34(5): 815-822, Sept. -Oct. 2005. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-419819
RESUMO
Estudos de laboratório foram conduzidos para determinar as mortalidades causadas por spinosad em Ceratitis capitata (Wied.) e Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied.). Isca formulada à base de spinosad foi comparada com iscas tóxicas preparadas com malatiom, triclorfom, fentiom e deltametrina. O tempo letal aumentou em adultos de C. capitata (mosca-do-mediterrâneo) alimentados com menores concentrações de spinosad. O tempo letal (TL50) foi estimado em 106, 126 e 154 min. para adultos de C. capitata expostos a 80, 8 e 4 ppm de spinosad, respectivamente. Não houve diferenças nos TL50 para as idades de 2-3; 3-5 e 5-7 dias de idade de C. capitata expostas a 80 ppm de spinosad. Ambas as espécies de moscas-das-frutas apresentaram padrão similar de sobrevivência quando tratadas com spinosad a 80 ppm. Em geral, fentiom e triclorfom apresentaram TL50 menores que spinosad para diferentes idades de C. capitata. Após 180 minutos de início de exposição à isca com spinosad, as taxas de mortalidade de 2-3 e 3-5 dias de idade de C. capitata foram semelhantes àquelas obtidas para fentiom. O TL50 para A. fraterculus foi estimado em 85,9 min., ligeiramente menor que para C. capitata, quando expostas a 8 ppm de spinosad. Os TL50 para adultos da mosca-do-mediterrâneo expostos a concentrações iguais ou inferiores a 0,4 ppm de spinosad foram superiores a 12h. As folhas mantidas no campo até dois dias após sua pulverização com iscas à base de spinosad, malatiom, fentiom e deltametrina causaram altos níveis de mortalidade de adultos de C. capitata.
ABSTRACT
The effect of silicon-treated wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) on the greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rond.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) was evaluated. Plants were treated with siliconincorporated to the soil and by foliar spraying. Aphid development was evaluated by observing theduration of the pre-reproductive, reproductive and post-reproductive periods, as well as fecundityand longevity. Probing behaviour was investigated by using the DC electrical penetration graphs (EPG) technique and a “honeydew clock”. Silica treated plants had a clear adverse effect on aphid development. Stylet penetration was not affected by treatments showing no physical barriers by the plant tissue. However, stylet was withdrawn more often on plants treated with silica, resulting in reduction of probing time. Sieve elements were reached equally by aphids in all treatments and theinsects remained ingesting phloem sap for similar periods. However, honeydew excretion was highly reduced indicating lower sap ingestion rate or higher sap retention inside the body. Chemical changes and induced resistance are possibly related to the reduction of aphid performance.
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Mortality / Ceratitis capitata / Drosophila / Insecticides / Insecta Type of study: Prognostic study Language: English Journal: Neotrop. entomol Journal subject: Biology / ZOOLOGIA Year: 2005 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Instituto Biológico/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Mortality / Ceratitis capitata / Drosophila / Insecticides / Insecta Type of study: Prognostic study Language: English Journal: Neotrop. entomol Journal subject: Biology / ZOOLOGIA Year: 2005 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Instituto Biológico/BR