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Prevalence of hepatitis C virus in alcoholic patients: role of parenteral risk factors / Prevalência do vírus da hepatite C em alcoolistas: a atuação dos fatores de risco parenterais
Galperim, Bruno; Cheinquer, Hugo; Stein, Airton; Fonseca, André; Lunge, Vagner; Ikuta, Nilo.
  • Galperim, Bruno; Hospital Mãe de Deus. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Cheinquer, Hugo; Federal Faculty of Medical Sciences Foundation. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Stein, Airton; Federal Faculty of Medical Sciences Foundation. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Fonseca, André; Lutheran University of Brazil. Symbios Biotechnology. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Lunge, Vagner; Lutheran University of Brazil. Symbios Biotechnology. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Ikuta, Nilo; Lutheran University of Brazil. Symbios Biotechnology. Porto Alegre. BR
Arq. gastroenterol ; 43(2): 81-84, abr. -jun. 2006. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-435248
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is elevated in alcoholic patients, but the risk factors are unclear. The role of parenteral risk factors are indeterminated in this population.

AIMS:

To determine the prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in alcoholic patients admitted to a detoxification unit and to evaluate the presence of underlying parenteral risk factors.

METHODS:

A total of 114 consecutive unselected alcoholic patients admitted to a single chemical dependency unit during 14 month were included. Epidemiological data and history of parenteral risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection were obtained with a standardized questionnaire. Blood was collected for determination of aminotransferases and anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies (ELISA-3). Positive samples were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and tested for genotype.

RESULTS:

Among the 114 alcoholics, 17 (15 percent) were anti-hepatitis C virus positive. Of these, 12 (71 percent) had detectable serum HCV-RNA by PCR. Genotype 1 was found in six cases and genotype 3 in five (one patient was undetermined). Forty-nine (43 percent) patients had elevated serum ALT and/or AST at baseline. The comparison between the 17 positive and the 97 negative patients showed significant differences in mean serum ALT levels (42 ± 41 IU/L vs. 22 ± 20 IU/L), rate of elevated ALT (65 percent vs. 34 percent), and presence of parenteral risk factors (94 percent vs. 10 percent). Comparison between alcoholic patients with and without elevated aminotransferases showed significant difference only in the rate of positive anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies (24 percent vs. 7 percent). Furthermore, among the 17 anti-hepatitis C virus positive patients, the rate of detectable HCV-RNA was significantly higher in the 12 with elevated aminotransferases versus the 5 with normal aminotransferases (92 percent vs. 20 percent).

CONCLUSIONS:

There was a high prevalence of anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies in alcoholics and the majority was confirmed by the presence of detectable HCV-RNA. Intravenous drug use was the main risk factor for hepatitis C virus infection in this population.
RESUMO
RACIONAL A prevalência da infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C (VHC) é elevada em pacientes alcoolistas, porém os fatores de risco não estão bem estabelecidos. O papel dos fatores de risco parenterais permanece ainda indefinido nessa população.

OBJETIVOS:

Determinar a prevalência da infecção pelo VHC em alcoolistas internados em uma unidade de desintoxicação, e avaliar a presença de fatores de risco parenteral subjacentes. PACIENTES E

MÉTODOS:

Foram estudados 114 alcoolistas, não selecionados, consecutivamente admitidos em uma unidade de dependência química durante 14 meses. Através de questionário estruturado, obtiveram-se os dados epidemiológicos e história de fatores de risco parenteral para infecção pelo VHC. Foi coletado sangue para determinação de aminotransferases e anticorpos anti-VHC (ELISA-3). As amostras positivas foram confirmadas pela PCR e determinado o genótipo.

RESULTADOS:

Entre os 114 alcoolistas, 17 (15 por cento) eram anti-VHC positivos. Doze (71 por cento) tinham RNA do VHC detectável por PCR no soro. O genótipo 1 foi encontrado em seis casos e o genótipo 3 em cinco (em um paciente foi indeterminado). Quarenta e quatro (43 por cento) pacientes tinham ALT e/ou AST elevadas. A comparação entre os 17 pacientes positivos e os 97 negativos mostrou diferenças significativas na média do nível da ALT (42 ± 41 UI/L vs. 22 ± 20 UI/L), na taxa de ALT elevada (65 por cento vs. 34 por cento), e na presença de fatores de risco parenteral (94 por cento vs. 10 por cento). A comparação entre alcoolistas com e sem aminotransferases elevadas mostrou diferença significativa apenas na taxa de anti-VHC positivo (24 por cento vs. 7 por cento). Entretanto, entre os 17 pacientes anti-VHC positivos, a taxa de RNA do VHC detectável no soro foi significativamente maior entre os 12 com aminotransferases elevadas do que entre os 5 com aminotransferases normais (92 por cento vs. 20 por cento).

CONCLUSÃO:

A prevalência de anti-VHC foi elevada em alcoolistas, sendo a maioria confirmada pela presença do RNA do VHC no soro. O uso de drogas injetáveis foi o principal fator de risco para infecção pelo VHC nesta população.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: RNA, Viral / Hepatitis C / Hepacivirus / Hepatitis C Antibodies / Alcoholism Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Prevalence study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English / Portuguese Journal: Arq. gastroenterol Journal subject: Gastroenterology Year: 2006 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Federal Faculty of Medical Sciences Foundation/BR / Hospital Mãe de Deus/BR / Lutheran University of Brazil/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: RNA, Viral / Hepatitis C / Hepacivirus / Hepatitis C Antibodies / Alcoholism Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Prevalence study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English / Portuguese Journal: Arq. gastroenterol Journal subject: Gastroenterology Year: 2006 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Federal Faculty of Medical Sciences Foundation/BR / Hospital Mãe de Deus/BR / Lutheran University of Brazil/BR