Situación epidemiológica de la infección por el VIH en el área de salud del policlínico Héroes del Moncada / Epidemiologic situation of HIV-infection in the health area of Héroes del Moncada Polyclinic

RESUMEN

La pandemia del VIH/SIDA continúa representando el peor de los flagelos que amenaza la vida de millones de personas en el mundo. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo descriptivo en los 42 sujetos infectados por el VIH que pertenecen al área de salud del policlínico comunitario Héroes del Moncada para describir el comportamiento de esta epidemia en esta área de salud. La tasa de prevalencia de seropositivos en la citada área era de 0,16 por ciento, muy por encima de la que se reporta en el país que es de 0,006 por ciento. Entre los infectados predominó el sexo masculino con el 69 por ciento aunque se encontró una tendencia hacia el incremento de las mujeres afectadas. El rango de edad de los enfermos estuvo entre los 18 y 56 años y el 88 por ciento de ellos se encontraba entre los 18 y 49 años. En más de la mitad de los infectados la enfermedad estaba en la etapa de SIDA. Se comprobó que los grupos de mayor riesgo eran los hombres que tenían sexo con otros hombres pero que se consideran heterosexuales así como los sujetos con un bajo nivel de escolaridad. Se produjeron 8 fallecimientos, 7 de ellos con una supervivencia de más de 10 años. Los resultados alcanzados demostraron que a pesar de que Cuba exhibe uno de los índices más bajo de incidencia de infección por el VIH la epidemia no ha sido detenida, se mantienen, por tanto, como principales medidas de combate las de prevención y promoción de salud(AU)

ABSTRACT

The pandemic of the VIH/SIDA continues representing the worst in the flagelos that threatens the life of millions of people in the world. He/she was carried out a descriptive retrospective study in the 42 fellows infected by the VIH that belong to the area of health of the policlínico community Heroes of the Moncada to describe the behavior of this epidemic in this area of health. The prevalencia rate of seropositive in the mentioned area was of 0,16 percent, very above which is reported in the country that is of 0,006 percent. Among those infected the masculine sex it prevailed with 69 percent although he/she was a tendency toward the increment of the affected women. The range of the sick persons age was between the 18 and 56 years and 88 percent of them it was between the 18 and 49 years. In more than half of those infected the illness it was in the stage of AIDS. He/she was proven that the groups of more risk were the men that had sex with other men but that they are considered heterosexual as well as those subject with a low escolaridad level. 8 deaths took place, 7 of them with a survival of more than 10 years. The reached results demonstrated that although Cuba exhibits one of the lowest indexes in infection incidence for the VIH the epidemic it has not been stopped, they stay, therefore, as main combat measures those of prevention and promotion of saludLa pandemic of the VIH/SIDA continues representing the worst in the flagelos that threatens the life of millions of people in the world. He/she was carried out a descriptive retrospective study in the 42 fellows infected by the VIH that belong to the area of health of the policlínico community Heroes of the Moncada to describe the behavior of this epidemic in this area of health. The prevalencia rate of seropositive in the mentioned area was of 0,16 percent, very above which is reported in the country that is of 0,006 percent. Among those infected the masculine sex it prevailed with 69 percent although he/she was a tendency toward the increment of the affected women. The range of the sick persons age was between the 18 and 56 years and 88 percent of them it was between the 18 and 49 years. In more than half of those infected the illness it was in the stage of AIDS. He/she was proven that the groups of more risk were the men that had sex with other men but that they are considered heterosexual as well as those subject with a low escolaridad level. 8 deaths took place, 7 of them with a survival of more than 10 years. The reached results demonstrated that although Cuba exhibits one of the lowest indexes in infection incidence for the VIH the epidemic it has not been stopped, they stay, therefore, as main combat measures those of prevention and promotion of health(AU)