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Caracterización Clínica y Epidemiológica de Dengue Hemorrágico en Neiva, Colombia, 2004 / Clinical and epidemiological characterisation of dengue haemorrhagic fever in Neiva, Colombia, 2004
Salgado, Doris M; Rodríguez, Jairo A; Garzón, Marisol; Cifuentes, Gerson; Ibarra, Milton; Vega, Martha R; Castro, Dolly.
  • Salgado, Doris M; Universidad Surcolombiana. Hospital Universitario. Neiva. CO
  • Rodríguez, Jairo A; Universidad Surcolombiana. Neiva. CO
  • Garzón, Marisol; Universidad Surcolombiana. Hospital Universitario. Neiva. CO
  • Cifuentes, Gerson; Universidad Surcolombiana. Neiva. CO
  • Ibarra, Milton; Universidad Surcolombiana. Neiva. CO
  • Vega, Martha R; Universidad Surcolombiana. Hospital Universitario. Neiva. CO
  • Castro, Dolly; Universidad Surcolombiana. Neiva. CO
Rev. salud pública ; 9(1): 53-63, ene.-mar. 2007. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-450554
RESUMEN
Objetivo Neiva es considerada endémica para fiebre dengue y fiebre dengue hemorrágico en Colombia. Durante el 2004 se presentó un brote epidémico, siendo necesario caracterizar el comportamiento epidemiológico y clínico durante esta epidemia. Materiales y Métodos Estudio retrospectivo descriptivo de niños menores de 13 años que ingresaron al Hospital Universitario en este periodo, con criterios de Fiebre dengue y Fiebre dengue hemorrágico según la OMS. Se registraron los datos demográficos, clínicos y paraclínicos de ingreso. El análisis fue descriptivo y bivariado exploratorio utilizando la prueba de chi². Resultados De 105 niños el 87,6 por ciento ingresó con diagnóstico de fiebre dengue hemorrágico y el 12,4 por ciento con fiebre dengue. Un 67 por ciento correspondió a menores de 5 años, con mayor frecuencia y severidad en niñas. El 83 por ciento ingresó en los primeros seis días de enfermedad. Hubo datos de choque en el 20 por ciento de los pacientes, de estos el 76 por ciento presentó complicaciones (chi² 29.53, gl 6, p=0.0000). Entre los datos paraclínicos, las aminotransferasas se encontraron 3 a 5 veces el valor normal y hubo correlación entre recuento plaquetario inferior a 20 000 por mm³ y choque al ingreso (chi² 20,65, gl 4, p= 0.0004). La evolución fue favorable; sin embargo, hubo complicaciones en el 32 por ciento de los casos (13 por ciento miocarditis, 19 por ciento hepatitis o encefalitis y 2 por ciento sepsis). Conclusión Las características epidemiológicas y clínicas observadas en esta cohorte de pacientes mostraron una variación en género, edad y órgano blanco, con una incidencia alta de compromiso miocárdico.
ABSTRACT
Objective Neiva (a southern Colombia city) is endemic for dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever. Neiva has suffered outbreaks of dengue, that in 2004 being the latest one. This study was designed to characterise epidemiological and clinical data from that outbreak of dengue. Material and Methods This was a descriptive, retrospective study of children aged less than 13 years who were admitted to the University Hospital and fulfilled the WHO's clinical and laboratory criteria for dengue or dengue haemorrhagic fever. Demographic, clinical and paraclinical data were recorded and analysed using Chi square (chi²) bivariate tabular test. Results 105 children were diagnosed as suffering from either dengue haemorrhagic fever (87.6 percent) or dengue fever (12.4 percent); 67 percent of them were aged less than 5 years. Girls were more frequently affected by severe clinical manifestations. 83 percent of the children were admitted during the first six days of the disease; dengue shock syndrome was diagnosed in 20 percent and 76 percent presented clinical complications (chi² 29.53, gl 6, p=0.0000). Aminotransferases were 3 to 5 times above normal levels. There was a statistical correlation between low platelet count (less than 20 000 per mm³) and shock during admission (chi² 20.65, gl 4, p=0.0004). Complications arose during clinical evolution in 32 percent of the cases (13 percent myocarditis, 19 percent hepatitis or encephalitis and 2 percent sepsis). Conclusion The clinical and epidemiological characteristics observed in this cohort evidenced differences in age, gender and organs affected compared to data described in the literature; there was a high incidence of myocarditis.
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Severe Dengue Type of study: Observational study / Risk factors Limits: Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Infant / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Colombia Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. salud pública Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2007 Type: Article Affiliation country: Colombia Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad Surcolombiana/CO

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Severe Dengue Type of study: Observational study / Risk factors Limits: Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Infant / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Colombia Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. salud pública Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2007 Type: Article Affiliation country: Colombia Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad Surcolombiana/CO