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In vivo observation of mesenteric leukocyte-endothelial interactions after cecal ligation/puncture and surgical sepsis source control
Nakagawa, Naomi K; Jukemura, José; Aikawa, Priscila; Nogueira, Rafael A; Poli-de-Figueiredo, Luiz F; Sannomiya, Paulina.
  • Nakagawa, Naomi K; University of Sao Paulo. School of Medicine. Heart Institute. Research Division. São Paulo. BR
  • Jukemura, José; University of Sao Paulo. School of Medicine. Heart Institute. Research Division. São Paulo. BR
  • Aikawa, Priscila; University of Sao Paulo. School of Medicine. Heart Institute. Research Division. São Paulo. BR
  • Nogueira, Rafael A; University of Sao Paulo. School of Medicine. Heart Institute. Research Division. São Paulo. BR
  • Poli-de-Figueiredo, Luiz F; University of Sao Paulo. School of Medicine. Heart Institute. Research Division. São Paulo. BR
  • Sannomiya, Paulina; University of Sao Paulo. School of Medicine. Heart Institute. Research Division. São Paulo. BR
Clinics ; 62(3): 321-326, June 2007. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-453294
ABSTRACT

PURPOSE:

Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) has been used as a useful model for the induction of polymicrobial sepsis. Necrotic tissue resection and peritoneal lavage (REL) are the surgical procedures for controlling perforated appendicitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate leukocyte-endothelial interactions in the rat mesentery in vivo after CLP and REL.

METHODS:

Thirty-seven male Wistar rats (250-300 g) underwent laparotomy and were randomly assigned to the following groups 1) SHAM; 2) CLP animals submitted to CLP, 3) CLP+REL animals submitted to CLP and REL. Mesenteric leukocyte-endothelial interactions were studied by intravital microscopy assessed once in each animal (3-5 postcapillary venules, 15-25 æm diameter) 24 hours after intervention. Follow-up was performed in all animals; this included analysis of glycemia, lactate, hematocrit, white blood cell count as well as a functional score that was the sum of scoring on the following parameters alertness, mobility, piloerection, diarrhea, encrusted eyes, and dirty nose and tail.

RESULTS:

None of the animals showed significant changes in body weight (265 ± 20 g) or in hematocrit levels (46 percent ± 2 percent) during the experimental protocol. Compared to SHAM animals, CLP animals showed an increased number of rolling (2x), adherent, and migrating leukocytes (7x) in the mesenteric microcirculation, an increase in blood glucose (136 ± 8 mg/dL), lactate (3.58 ± 0.94 mmol/L), white cell count (23,570 ± 4,991 cells/mm³) and functional alterations (score 11 ± 1), characterized by impaired alertness and mobility, and presence of piloerection, diarrhea, encrusted eyes, and dirty nose and tail. The REL procedure normalized the number of rolling, adherent, and migrated leukocytes in the mesentery; glycemia; lactate; and white blood cell count. The REL procedure also improved the functional score (7 ± 1).

CONCLUSION:

Local and systemic inflammation was induced by CLP, while REL completely...
RESUMO

OBJETIVO:

O procedimento de ligadura cecal e perfuração (CLP) tem sido usado como um modelo útil de indução de sepse polimicrobiana. A ressecção do tecido necrosado e lavagem peritoneal (REL) são procedimentos cirúrgicos freqüentemente utilizados para controlar uma apendicite perfurada. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar in vivo as interações leucócito-endotélio no mesentério de ratos após a CLP e REL.

MÉTODOS:

Trinta e sete ratos Wistar machos (250-300 g) foram submetidos à laparotomia e aleatoriamente divididos em grupos 1) SHAM, 2) CLP ratos submetidos à CLP, 3) CLP+REL animais submetidos à CLP e REL. As interações leucócito-endotélio no mesentério foram estudadas através de microscopia intravital somente uma vez em cada animal (3-5 vênulas pós-capilares, 15-25 æm diâmetro), 24-horas após as intervenções. A evolução clínica foi realizada em todos os animais, incluindo glicemia, lactato, hematócrito, número total de células brancas e um escore funcional, o qual foi considerado como a somatória dos seguintes parâmetros estado de alerta, mobilidade, piloereção, diarréia, olhos encrustados, e nariz e cauda sujos.

RESULTADOS:

Os animais não apresentaram alterações significantes no peso (265 ± 20 g) e hematócrito (46 ± 2 por cento) ao longo do estudo. Comparados ao SHAM, os animais CLP apresentaram aumento no número de leucócitos em rolamento (2x), aderidos (7x) e migrados (7x) na microcirculação mesentérica, aumentos da glicemia (136 ± 8 mg/dL), lactato (3,58 ± 0,94 mmol/L), leucocitose (23.570 ± 4.991 células/mm³) e alterações clínicas (escore 11±1), caracterizadas por comprometimento do estado de alerta e mobilidade, e presença de piloereção, diarréia, olhos encrustados, nariz e cauda sujos. REL normalizou o número de leucócitos em rolamento, aderidos e migrados no mesentério, a glicemia, o lactato e o número de leucócitos circulantes. REL também melhorou o escore clínico (7 ± 1).

CONCLUSÃO:

A CLP induziu inflamação local e sistêmica. A...
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Endothelium, Vascular / Cecum / Sepsis / Leukocytes / Mesentery Type of study: Practice guideline / Prognostic study Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Clinics Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2007 Type: Article / Project document Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: University of Sao Paulo/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Endothelium, Vascular / Cecum / Sepsis / Leukocytes / Mesentery Type of study: Practice guideline / Prognostic study Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Clinics Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2007 Type: Article / Project document Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: University of Sao Paulo/BR