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The extracellular matrix of the lung and its role in edema formation
Pelosi, Paolo; Rocco, Patricia R. M; Negrini, Daniela; Passi, Alberto.
  • Pelosi, Paolo; University of Insubria. Department of Ambient, Health and Safety. Servizio di Anestesia B. Varese. IT
  • Rocco, Patricia R. M; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho. Laboratório de Investigação Pulmonar. Rio de Janeiro. BR
  • Negrini, Daniela; University of Insubria. Biomedical and Clinical Sciences. Department of Experimental. Varese. IT
  • Passi, Alberto; University of Insubria. Biomedical and Clinical Sciences. Department of Experimental. Varese. IT
An. acad. bras. ciênc ; 79(2): 285-297, June 2007. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-454598
ABSTRACT
The extracellular matrix is composed of a three-dimensional fiber mesh filled with different macromolecules such as collagen (mainly type I and III), elastin, glycosaminoglycans, and proteoglycans. In the lung, the extracellular matrix has several functions which provide 1) mechanical tensile and compressive strength and elasticity, 2) low mechanical tissue compliance contributing to the maintenance of normal interstitial fluid dynamics, 3) low resistive pathway for an effective gas exchange, d) control of cell behavior by the binding of growth factors, chemokines, cytokines and the interaction with cell-surface receptors, and e) tissue repair and remodeling. Fragmentation and disorganization of extracellular matrix components comprises the protective role of the extracellular matrix, leading to interstitial and eventually severe lung edema. Thus, once conditions of increased microvascular filtration are established, matrix remodeling proceeds fairly rapidly due to the activation of proteases. Conversely, a massive matrix deposition of collagen fiber decreases interstitial compliance and therefore makes the tissue safety factor stronger. As a result, changes in lung extracellular matrix significantly affect edema formation and distribution in the lung.
RESUMO
A matriz extracelular é um aglomerado tridimensional demacromoléculas composta por fibras colágenas (principalmente, tipos I e III), elastina, glicosaminoglicanos e proteoglicanos. No pulmão, a matriz extracelular tem várias funções, tais como 1) promover estresse tensil e elasticidade tecidual, 2) contribuir para a manutenção da dinâmica de fluidos no interstício, 3) propiciar efetiva troca gasosa, 4) controlar a função celular através de sua ligação com fatores de crescimento, quimiocinas, citocinas e interação com receptores de superfície, e 5) remodelamento e reparo tecidual. A fragmentação e a desorganização da matriz extracelular pode acarretar edema intersticial e, eventualmente, edema alveolar grave. Logo, quando há aumento da filtração microvascular ocorre rápido remodelamento da matriz por ativação de proteases. Destarte, a deposição de fibras colágenas reduz a complacência intersticial limitando o edema. Em conclusão, modificações na matriz extracelular podem afetar a formação e distribuição do edema no pulmão.
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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Pulmonary Edema / Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Extracellular Matrix Limits: Humans / Male Language: English Journal: An. acad. bras. ciênc Journal subject: Science Year: 2007 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil / Italy Institution/Affiliation country: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro/BR / University of Insubria/IT

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Pulmonary Edema / Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Extracellular Matrix Limits: Humans / Male Language: English Journal: An. acad. bras. ciênc Journal subject: Science Year: 2007 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil / Italy Institution/Affiliation country: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro/BR / University of Insubria/IT