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Prevalence and associated risk factors for Giardia lamblia infection among children hospitalized for diarrhea in Goiânia, Goiás State, Brazil
Pereira, Maria Das Graças Cabral; Atwill, Edward Robert; Barbosa, Alverne Passos.
  • Pereira, Maria Das Graças Cabral; University of California. School of Veterinary Medicine. Department of Veterinary Medicine Extension. Davis. US
  • Atwill, Edward Robert; University of California. School of Veterinary Medicine. Department of Veterinary Medicine Extension. Davis. US
  • Barbosa, Alverne Passos; Universidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública. Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia. Goiânia. BR
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 49(3): 139-145, May-June 2007. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-454760
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and to identify risk factors associated with Giardia lamblia infection in diarrheic children hospitalized for diarrhea in Goiânia, State of Goiás, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted and a comprehensive questionnaire was administered to the child's primary custodian. Fixed effects logistic regression was used to determine the association between infection status for G. lamblia and host, sociodemographic, environmental and zoonotic risk factors. A total of 445 fecal samples were collected and processed by the DFA methodology, and G. lamblia cysts were present in the feces of 44 diarrheic children (9.9 percent). A variety of factors were found to be associated with giardiasis in these population: age of children (OR, 1.18; 90 percent CI, 1.0 - 1.36; p = 0.052), number of children in the household (OR 1.45; 90 percent CI, 1.13 - 1.86; p = 0.015), number of cats in the household (OR, 1.26; 90 percent CI, 1.03 -1.53; p = 0.059), food hygiene (OR, 2.9; 90 percent CI, 1.34 - 6.43; p = 0.024), day-care centers attendance (OR, 2.3; 90 percent CI, 1.20 - 4.36; p = 0.034), living on a rural farm within the past six months prior hospitalization (OR, 5.4; CI 90 percent, 1.5 - 20.1; p = 0.03) and the number of household adults (OR, 0.59; 90 percent CI, 0.42 - 0.83; p = 0.012). Such factors appropriately managed may help to reduce the annual incidence of this protozoal infection in the studied population.
RESUMO
O objetivo desse estudo foi estimar a prevalência e identificar fatores de risco associados à infecção por Giardia lamblia em crianças hospitalizadas com diarréia no município de Goiânia, Estado de Goiás, Brasil. Foi realizado um estudo transversal e um questionário estruturado foi administrado ao responsável pela criança. Análise multivariada foi realizada por meio de regressão logística para se determinar a associação entre infecção por G. lamblia e as variáveis sociodemográficas, ambientais e zoonóticas relacionadas ao hospedeiro. Das 445 amostras de fezes coletadas e processadas pelo método de imunofluorescência direta (DFA), 44 (9,9 por cento) apresentaram cisto de G. lamblia. Uma variedade de fatores de risco foi encontrada associada à giardíase: idade da criança (OR, 1,18; 90 por cento CI, 1,0 - 1,36; p = 0,052), número de crianças na família (OR, 1,45; 90 por cento CI, 1,13 - 1,86; p = 0,015), número de gatos pertecentes à família (OR, 1,26; 90 por cento CI, 1,03 - 1,53; p = 0,059), higiene alimentar (OR, 2,9; 90 por cento CI, 1,34 - 6,43; p = 0,024), usuários de creches (OR, 2,3; 90 por cento CI, 1,20 - 4,36; p = 0,034), ter residido em área rural seis meses precedendo à hospitalização (OR, 5,4; 90 por cento CI, 1,5 - 20,1; p = 0,03) e número de adultos na família (OR, 0,59; 90 por cento CI, 0,42 - 0,83; p = 0,012). Tais fatores, devidamente controlados podem contribuir para redução anual da incidência desta parasitose na população estudada.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Giardiasis / Giardia lamblia Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Animals / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo Journal subject: Tropical Medicine Year: 2007 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil / United States Institution/Affiliation country: Universidade Federal de Goiás/BR / University of California/US

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Giardiasis / Giardia lamblia Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Animals / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo Journal subject: Tropical Medicine Year: 2007 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil / United States Institution/Affiliation country: Universidade Federal de Goiás/BR / University of California/US