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Identifying a risk profile for thyroid cancer
Ward, Laura Sterian; Morari, Elaine Cristina; Leite, Janaina Luisa; Bufalo, Natassia Elena; Guilhen, Ana Carolina Trindade; Araujo, Priscilla Pereira C. de; Tincani, Alfio J; Assumpção, Ligia V. M; Matos, Patricia Sabino.
Affiliation
  • Ward, Laura Sterian; State University of Campinas. Molecular Genetics of Cancer Laboratory. Campinas. BR
  • Morari, Elaine Cristina; State University of Campinas. Molecular Genetics of Cancer Laboratory. Campinas. BR
  • Leite, Janaina Luisa; State University of Campinas. Molecular Genetics of Cancer Laboratory. Campinas. BR
  • Bufalo, Natassia Elena; State University of Campinas. Molecular Genetics of Cancer Laboratory. Campinas. BR
  • Guilhen, Ana Carolina Trindade; State University of Campinas. Molecular Genetics of Cancer Laboratory. Campinas. BR
  • Araujo, Priscilla Pereira C. de; State University of Campinas. Molecular Genetics of Cancer Laboratory. Campinas. BR
  • Tincani, Alfio J; State University of Campinas. Department of Surgery. Campinas. BR
  • Assumpção, Ligia V. M; State University of Campinas. Department of Medicine. Division of Endocrinology. Campinas. BR
  • Matos, Patricia Sabino; State University of Campinas. Medical Science School. Department of Pathology. Division of Endocrinology. Campinas. BR
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab;51(5): 713-722, jul. 2007. graf, tab
Article in En | LILACS | ID: lil-461319
Responsible library: BR1.1
ABSTRACT
The large use of simple and effective diagnostic tools has significantly contributed to the increase in diagnosis of thyroid cancer over the past years. However, there is compelling evidence that most micropapillary carcinomas have an indolent behavior and may never evolve into clinical cancers. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new tools able to predict which thyroid cancers will remain silent, and which thyroid cancers will present an aggressive behavior. There are a number of well-established clinical predictors of malignancy and recent studies have suggested that some of the patientÆs laboratory data and image methods may be useful. Molecular markers have also been increasingly tested and some of them appear to be very promising, such as BRAF, a few GST genes and p53 polymorphisms. In addition, modern tools, such as immunocytochemical markers, and the measure of the fractal nature of chromatin organization may increase the specificity of the pathological diagnosis of malignancy and help ascertain the prognosis. Guidelines designed to select nodules for further evaluation, as well as new methods aimed at distinguishing carcinomas of higher aggressiveness among the usually indolent thyroid tumors are an utmost necessity.
RESUMO
O uso cada vez mais freqüente de métodos diagnósticos simples e efetivos tem contribuído significativamente para um aumento no diagnóstico de câncer da tiróide nos últimos anos. Entretanto, existem importantes evidências de que muitos dos microcarcinomas papilíferos têm um comportamento indolente e podem nunca evoluir para cânceres clínicos. Existe, portanto, uma necessidade urgente de desenvolver novas ferramentas capazes de predizer quais os tumores tiroidianos que permanecerão silenciosos e quais desenvolverão comportamento agressivo. Há uma série de marcadores clínicos de evolução bem estabelecidos e alguns estudos recentes sugerem que dados laboratoriais e métodos de imagem podem ser úteis. Marcadores moleculares também vêm sendo ativamente investigados e alguns, como BRAF, os genes GST e polimorfismos de p53, parecem promissores. Além disso, marcadores imunocitoquímicos e a medida da natureza fractal da cromatina podem aumentar a especificidade do diagnóstico anatomopatológico e ajudar a predizer o prognóstico. Existe uma necessidade imperiosa de elaborarmos diretrizes destinadas a selecionar os nódulos que merecem prosseguimento em sua avaliação, assim como novos métodos capazes de identificar lesões mais agressivas entre os geralmente indolentes tumores tiroidianos.
Subject(s)
Key words
Full text: 1 Index: LILACS Main subject: Thyroid Neoplasms / Carcinoma, Papillary / Biomarkers, Tumor Type of study: Etiology_studies / Guideline / Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: En Journal: Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab Journal subject: ENDOCRINOLOGIA / METABOLISMO Year: 2007 Type: Article
Full text: 1 Index: LILACS Main subject: Thyroid Neoplasms / Carcinoma, Papillary / Biomarkers, Tumor Type of study: Etiology_studies / Guideline / Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: En Journal: Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab Journal subject: ENDOCRINOLOGIA / METABOLISMO Year: 2007 Type: Article