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Responsiveness to different volume therapies following hemodilution and hemorrhagic shock: a comparative experimental study in rats
Younes, Riad Naim; Deutsch, Fernanda; Itinoshe, Mario; Fontes, Belchor; Poggetti, Renato; Birolini, Dario.
  • Younes, Riad Naim; USP. SM. HC. São Paulo. BR
  • Deutsch, Fernanda; USP. SM. HC. São Paulo. BR
  • Itinoshe, Mario; USP. SM. HC. LIM-62. São Paulo. BR
  • Fontes, Belchor; USP. SM. HC. Emergency Surgery Service. São Paulo. BR
  • Poggetti, Renato; USP. SM. HC. Emergency Surgery Service. São Paulo. BR
  • Birolini, Dario; USP. SM. Trauma Division. Department of Surgery. São Paulo. BR
Acta cir. bras ; 22(5): 355-360, Sept.-Oct. 2007. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-463459
ABSTRACT
Guidelines for volume replacement for acutely hemorrhaged and hemodiluted trauma patients have not been well established.

Purpose:

To evaluate the effects of acute hemodilution on mean arterial pressure (MAP), and responsiveness of acutely hemodiluted and subsequently hemorrhaged rats to different volume therapies.

Methods:

180 rats were hemodiluted to simulate hemorrhaged trauma patients with persistent bleeding after high volume replacement with isotonic solutions. Thirty hemodiluted [Anemia (ANE) group] animals received no further treatment. The remaining 150 animals were subjected to hypovolemic shock and randomized into five groups, according to the treatment option employed Control (CTL) animals did not receive subsequent treatment after hemorrhagic hypovolemia, SAL4 animals received isotonic saline 4 mL/kg, SAL32 animals received isotonic saline 32 mL/kg, HS animals received hypertonic saline 4 mL/kg and BLD animals received re-infusion of drawn blood.

Results:

Highest mean arterial pressure (MAP) was achieved by BLD, followed by SAL32 and HS. MAP after treatment of BLD, HS, SAL32 and ANE were higher than CTL (p=0.036). At 85 and 95 minutes of experiment, SAL4, SAL32 and HS presented the lowest hematocrit levels (p<0.01). At day 3, ANE, CTL and HS had the highest hematocrit. SAL4 and CTL groups presented the highest mortality rates.

Conclusion:

Hypertonic saline is an effective and safe initial therapy for hemodiluted rats undergoing hemorrhagic shock, with an overall outcome comparable to blood replacement or high volume isotonic saline administration.
RESUMO
A conduta para reposição volêmica em pacientes traumatizados, hemodiluídos não está bem estabelecida.

Objetivo:

Avaliar o efeito da hemodiluição sobre a pressão arterial média (PAM), bem como a resposta de ratos agudamente hemodiluídos e submetidos a choque hemorrágico, à reanimação com diferentes soluções.

Métodos:

180 ratos foram hemodiluídos, simulando pacientes traumatizados com sangramento persistente após reposição com soluções isotônicas. Trinta ratos hemodiluídos (grupo ANE) foram observados, sem tratamento. Os demais 150 foram submetidos a choque hipovolêmico e randomizados em 5 grupos segundo a opção terapêutica CTL (controle), sem tratamento subseqüente após hipovolemia hemorrágica; SAL4 que recebeu 4 mL/kg de salina isotônica; SAL32 que recebeu 32 mL/kg de salina isotônica ; SH que recebeu 4mL/kg de salina hipertônica; e BLD que recebeu reinfusão do sangue removido.

Resultados:

A pressão arterial média (PAM) mais alta ocorreu no grupo BLD, seguida pelo SAL32, e SH. A PAM após tratamento nos grupos BLD, SH, SAL32 e ANE foram maiores que no CTL (-=0.036). Aos 85 e 95 minutos do experimento, SAL4, SAL32, e SH apresentaram os menores hematócritos (p<0.01). No 3° dia, ANE, CTL e SH apresentaram os maiores hematócritos. SAL4 e CTL apresentaram as maiores taxas de mortalidade. Em conclusão, nossos resultados indicam que a SH é uma terapia inicial efetiva e segura em ratos hemodiluídos, submetidos a hemorrágico choque, com prognóstico comparável à reposição com sangue ou administração de grande volume de solução isotônica.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Saline Solution, Hypertonic / Shock, Hemorrhagic / Blood Pressure / Blood Transfusion / Hemodilution / Isotonic Solutions Type of study: Practice guideline / Prognostic study Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Acta cir. bras Journal subject: General Surgery / Procedimentos Cir£rgicos Operat¢rios Year: 2007 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: USP/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Saline Solution, Hypertonic / Shock, Hemorrhagic / Blood Pressure / Blood Transfusion / Hemodilution / Isotonic Solutions Type of study: Practice guideline / Prognostic study Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Acta cir. bras Journal subject: General Surgery / Procedimentos Cir£rgicos Operat¢rios Year: 2007 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: USP/BR