Toll-like Receptors are Key Participants in Innate Immune Responses
Biol. Res
;
40(2): 97-112, 2007. ilus
Article
in English
| LILACS
| ID: lil-468181
ABSTRACT
During an infection, one of the principal challenges for the host is to detect the pathogen and activate a rapid defensive response. The Toll-like family of receptors (TLRs), among other pattern recognition receptors (PRR), performs this detection process in vertebrate and invertebrate organisms. These type I transmembrane receptors identify microbial conserved structures or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Recognition of microbial components by TLRs initiates signaling transduction pathways that induce gene expression. These gene products regulate innate immune responses and further develop an antigen-specific acquired immunity. TLR signaling pathways are regulated by intracellular adaptor molecules, such as MyD88, TIRAP/Mal, between others that provide specificity of individual TLR- mediated signaling pathways. TLR-mediated activation of innate immunity is involved not only in host defense against pathogens but also in immune disorders. The involvement of TLR-mediated pathways in auto-immune and inflammatory diseases is described in this review article.
Full text:
Available
Index:
LILACS (Americas)
Main subject:
Toll-Like Receptors
/
Immunity, Innate
/
Infections
/
Inflammation
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Biol. Res
Journal subject:
Biology
Year:
2007
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Chile
Institution/Affiliation country:
Universidad de Chile/CL
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