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Glucocorticoid-Induced osteoporosis: clinical and therapeutic aspects: [review]
Mazziotti, Gherardo; Giustina, Andrea; Canalis, Ernesto; Bilezikian, John P.
  • Mazziotti, Gherardo; University of Brescia. Department of Internal Medicine. Brescia. IT
  • Giustina, Andrea; University of Brescia. Department of Internal Medicine. Brescia. IT
  • Canalis, Ernesto; Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center. Hartford. US
  • Bilezikian, John P; Columbia University. College of Physicians and Surgeons. Department of Medicine. New York. US
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 51(8): 1404-1412, nov. 2007.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-471758
ABSTRACT
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) is the most common form of secondary osteoporosis. Fractures, which are often asymptomatic, may occur in as many as 30_50 percent of patients receiving chronic glucocorticoid therapy. Vertebral fractures occur early after exposure to glucocorticoids, at a time when bone mineral density (BMD) declines rapidly. Fractures tend to occur at higher BMD levels than in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Glucocorticoids have direct and indirect effects on the skeleton. They impair the replication, differentiation, and function of osteoblasts and induce the apoptosis of mature osteoblasts and osteocytes. These effects lead to a suppression of bone formation, a central feature in the pathogenesis of GIO. Glucocorticoids also favor osteoclastogenesis and as a consequence increase bone resorption. Bisphosphonates are the most effective of the various therapies that have been assessed for the management of GIO. Anabolic therapeutic strategies are under investigation. Teriparatide seems to be also efficacious for the treatment of patients with GIO.
RESUMO
A osteoporose induzida por glicocorticóides (OIG) é a forma mais comum de osteoporose secundária. Fraturas, que são freqüentemente assintomáticas, podem ocorrer em até 30_50 por cento dos pacientes recebendo terapia glicocorticóide crônica. Fraturas vertebrais ocorrem logo após exposição aos glicocorticóides, ocasião em que a densidade mineral óssea (DMO) diminui rapidamente. As fraturas tendem a ocorrer mais com níveis elevados de DMO do que em mulheres com osteoporose da pós-menopausa. Os glicocorticóides têm efeitos diretos e indiretos sobre o esqueleto eles impedem a replicação, a diferenciação e a função dos osteoblastos e induzem apoptose dos osteoblastos maduros e osteócitos. Esses efeitos levam à supressão da formação óssea, uma manifestação central da patogênese da OIG. Os glicocorticóides também favorecem a osteoclastogênese e, como conseqüência, aumentam a reabsorção óssea. Os bisfosfonatos são a mais efetiva das várias terapias que têm sido avaliadas para o manuseio da OIG. Estratégias terapêuticas com anabolizantes estão sendo investigadas. O teriparatídeo parece também ser eficaz no tratamento de pacientes com OIG.
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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Osteoporosis / Glucocorticoids Type of study: Diagnostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab Journal subject: Endocrinology / Metabolism Year: 2007 Type: Article Affiliation country: Italy / United States Institution/Affiliation country: Columbia University/US / Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center/US / University of Brescia/IT

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Osteoporosis / Glucocorticoids Type of study: Diagnostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab Journal subject: Endocrinology / Metabolism Year: 2007 Type: Article Affiliation country: Italy / United States Institution/Affiliation country: Columbia University/US / Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center/US / University of Brescia/IT