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Some bio-medical mechanisms in athletic prowess / Algunos de los mecanismos biomédicos de las proezas atléticas
Morrison, E Y; Cooper, P D.
  • Morrison, E Y; The University of the West Indies. School of Graduate Studies and Research. JM
  • Cooper, P D; s.af
West Indian med. j ; 55(3): 205-209, Jun. 2006.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-472318
ABSTRACT
Variations in somato-genetic patterns in muscle-fibre biology, biochemical metabolic pathways and pulmonary physiology are hypothesized to have been concentrated by natural selection over the centuries in the Afrocentric peoples displaced from West Africa to the New World. These phenotypic and genotypic characteristics are attributed to provide the athletic prowess so well documented in African-Americans. Not the least of coincidence seems to be the influence of the compensatory mechanisms on oxygen transport and its availability to the tissues, in response to the sickle cell gene. The reduced availability coupled with reduced myoglobin in the preponderant fast-twitch muscle fibres which are adapted for rapid energy (ATP) regeneration, all give a NET outcome of muscle anatomical and biochemical advantages which support outstanding performances in athleticism.
RESUMEN
Existe la hipótesis de que los patrones somatogenéticos en la biología fibromuscular, las vías meta-bólicas bioquímicas, y la fisiología pulmonar, se han concentrado mediante selección natural a lo largo de siglos, en los pueblos afrocéntricos desplazados desde C1frica Occidental al Nuevo Mundo. A estas características fenotípicas y genotípicas se les atribuye las proezas atléticas, tan bien docu-mentadas en los afroamericanos. Tampoco parece ser coincidencia en lo más mínimo, la influencia de los me-canismos compensatorios de transporte de oxígeno, y su disponibilidad en los tejidos, en respuesta al gene de la célula falciforme. Esta disponibilidad reducida acoplada con la mioglobina reducida en las fibras musculares de contracción rápida preponderantes que están adaptadas para la rápida re-generación de energía (ATP), producen de conjunto un resultado neto en términos de ventajas musculares anatómicas y bioquímicas que constituyen la base de las actuaciones destacadas en el atletismo.
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Oxygen Consumption / Sickle Cell Trait / Sports / Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch / Black People Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2006 Type: Article Affiliation country: Jamaica Institution/Affiliation country: The University of the West Indies/JM

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Oxygen Consumption / Sickle Cell Trait / Sports / Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch / Black People Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2006 Type: Article Affiliation country: Jamaica Institution/Affiliation country: The University of the West Indies/JM