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Antibiotic use and overuse for appendicectomy in Antigua and Barbuda
Martin, T. C; Anthony, F.
  • Martin, T. C; Holberton Hospital. Infection Control Committee and Paediatric Service. St John's. AG
  • Anthony, F; s.af
West Indian med. j ; 55(1): 48-51, Jan. 2006. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-472670
ABSTRACT
The use of antibiotics for appendicectomy in Antigua and Barbuda, from January 1998 to December 1999, was examined with respect to current Surgical Infection Society guidelines from developed countries. There were 143 cases of appendicectomy performed at Holberton Hospital. The mean patient age and standard deviation (SD) was 28.1 +/- 15.8 years, 57female. Pathology showed inflammed appendix only in 56, peri-appendiceal abscess/perforation in 17, [quot ]fibrosed[quot ] appendix in 10and normal appendix in 17. Postoperative infection (wound infection, fever > three days) was seen in 7/24 (29) of cases with peri-appendiceal abscess/perforation and 2/119 (1.7) of the other cases. A subset of 88 cases had antibiotic use reviewed: 3/88 (3.4) were given no antibiotics, 7/88 (8) were given one antibiotic, 5/88 (5.7) were given two antibiotics, 72/88 (81.8) were given three antibiotics and 1/88 (1.1) was given four antibiotics. Parenteral antibiotics were given a mean and SD of 5.39 +/- 1.94 days followed by oral antibiotics in 18/88 (20.5) cases. Those with appendiceal abscess/perforation were treated parenterally for mean and SD of 6.56 +/- 2.35 days, not significantly different from others. Most frequent antibiotics used were gentamicin, metronidazole and ampicillin/penicillin/cloxacillin/cephradine (81.8). The Surgical Infection Society recommends starting prophylactic antibiotics before surgery, using appropriate spectrum agents for less than 24 hours if not contaminated and less than five days if infected. It may be possible to safely reduce antibiotic use for appendicectomy in Antigua and Barbuda.
RESUMEN
Se examinó el uso de los antibióticos en apendicectomías en Antigua y Barbuda, en el período comprendido de enero de 1998 a diciembre de 1999, sobre la base de las guías actuales de la Sociedad de Infecciones Quirúrgicas de los países desarrollados. Un total de 143 casos de apendicectomía fueron atendidos en el Hospital Holberton. La edad media de los pacientes y la desviación estándar (DE) fue 28.1 + 15.8 años, 57% mujeres. La patología mostró apéndice inflamado sólo en el 56% de los casos, absceso periapendicular/perforación en 17%, apéndice "fibroso"en el 10% y apéndice normal en el 17%. Se vio infección postoperatoria (infección de heridas, fiebre>tres días) en 7/24 (29%) de los casos con absceso periapendicular/perforación y 2/119 (1.7%) de los otros casos. A un subconjunto de 88 casos se le revisó el uso de antibióticos: a 3/88 (3.4%) no se les dio antibióticos, 7/88 (8%) recibieron un antibiótico, 5/88 (5.7%) recibieron dos antibiótico, 72/88 (81.8%) recibieron tres antibióticos, y 1/88 (1.1%) recibió cuatro antibióticos. Se suministraron antibióticos parenterales para una media y DE equivalente a 5.39 ± 1.94 días, seguidos de antibióticos orales en 18/88 (20.5%) casos. Los pacientes con absceso apendicular/perforación fueron tratados parenteralmente para una media y DE equivalente a 6.56 + 2.35 días, sin diferencia significativa con respecto a los otros. Los antibióticos más frecuentes fueron la gentamicina, el metronidazol, y la ampicilina/ penicilina/ cloxacilina/ cefradina (81.8%). La Sociedad de Infecciones Quirúrgicas recomienda que se comience con antibióticos profilácticos antes de la cirugía, usando agentes de espectro apropiado durantes menos de 24 horas si no hay contaminación y menos de 5 días si hay infección. El uso de antibióticos en la apendicectomía puede reducirse sin peligro en Antigua.
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Appendectomy / Appendicitis / Surgical Wound Infection / Drug Utilization Review / Anti-Bacterial Agents Type of study: Practice guideline / Observational study Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Aged80 / Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Antigua and Barbuda / English Caribbean Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2006 Type: Article Affiliation country: Antigua and Barbuda Institution/Affiliation country: Holberton Hospital/AG

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Appendectomy / Appendicitis / Surgical Wound Infection / Drug Utilization Review / Anti-Bacterial Agents Type of study: Practice guideline / Observational study Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Aged80 / Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Antigua and Barbuda / English Caribbean Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2006 Type: Article Affiliation country: Antigua and Barbuda Institution/Affiliation country: Holberton Hospital/AG