Saúde bucal em idosos / Bucal health in elderly

RESUMO

Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência e as condições bucais de idosos atendidos no Serviço de Estomatologia da UFPB. Material e Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo através da análise de 1.791 fichas clínicas dos pacientes atendidos no referido serviço, no período de janeiro de 2000 a janeiro de 2004. Foram coletados dados sobre idade, sexo, CPO-D, uso e necessidade de próteses dentárias e presença de lesão e/ou alterações na mucosa bucal. Resultados: Entre as 1.791 fichas, foram identificados 170 (9,4%) pacientes idosos, sendo 71,2% mulheres e 28,8% homens, com idade média de 65 ± 5,10 anos e índice CPO-D de 25±7,07. Observou-se que 25,3% dos pacientes eram edêntulos, 92,9% necessitavam de próteses dentárias, 67,1% necessitavam, mais não as usavam e 32,9% as usavam. Com relação às alterações bucais, 71,9% dos pacientes apresentavam uma ou mais alteração e/ou lesão na mucosa bucal. Foram identificadas 10 tipos de alterações e/ou lesões na mucosa bucal, sendo as mais frequentes aquelas sem significado patológico (56,2%), doença periodontal (13,0%), lesões brancas (10,05%) e lesões por próteses (8,9%). Conclusões: Houve importante demanda de pacientes idosos no serviço de estomatologia da UFPB, no período estudado. Os idosos apresentavam alto índice CPO-D, grande necessidade de próteses, péssimas condições bucais e alta prevalência de lesões e/ou alterações bucais.

ABSTRACT

Objective: To estimate the prevalence and buccal conditions of elderly assisted at the Stomatology Service of the UFPB (Federal University of Paraíba). Material and Methods: A retrospective study was performed by analysing 1791 clinical cards of patients in assistance at that health service, from January 2000 to January 2004. Data were collected on age, sex, DMF index (which quantifies the total of untreated decayed, missing and filled teeth in a person´s mouth) - or CLF-T - cavitated, lost and filled teeth - the wear and need of prosthesis and presence of lesions and/or alterations in the buccal mucosa. Results: Among the 1791 clinical cards analysed, 170 (9.4%) elderly patients were identified, of which 71.2% were women and 28.8% were men, whose average age was 65±5.10 years old, and the DMF index was 25±7.07. It was observed that 25.3% of the patients were edentulous, 92.9% needed dental prosthesis, of which 67,1% needed them but were not wearing them and 32.9% were wearing them. With respect to buccal alterations, 71.9% presented one or more alterations and/or lesions in the buccal mucosa. Of the ten types of alteration and/or lesion observed in the buccal mucosa, the most frequent ones were identified as with no pathological significance, 56.2%; periodontal desease, 13.0%; white lesions, 10.05%; and lesions caused by prosthesis, 8.9%. Conclusions: There was a quite significant assistance of the UFPB's service of stomatology to elderly patients throughout the period of the present study. The elderly people presented high DMF index; and they were also in need of prosthesis, having very bad buccal conditions, and high prevalence of buccal lesions and/or alterations.