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Congenital toxoplasmosis in two health institutions in Trinidad / Toxoplasmosis congénita en dos centros de salud de Trinidad
Adesiyun, A. A; Gooding, R; Ganta, K; Seepersadsingh, N; Ramsewak, S.
  • Adesiyun, A. A; The University of the West Indies. Faculty of Medical Sciences. School of Medicine. School of Veterinary Medicine. Department of Paraclinical Sciences. St Augustine. TT
  • Gooding, R; The University of the West Indies. Faculty of Medical Sciences. School of Medicine. Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences. St Augustine. TT
  • Ganta, K; The University of the West Indies. Faculty of Medical Sciences. School of Medicine. Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences. St Augustine. TT
  • Seepersadsingh, N; The University of the West Indies. Faculty of Medical Sciences. School of Medicine. Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences. St Augustine. TT
  • Ramsewak, S; The University of the West Indies. Faculty of Medical Sciences. School of Medicine. Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences. St Augustine. TT
West Indian med. j ; 56(2): 166-170, Mar. 2007. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-476411
ABSTRACT
Toxoplasmosis is the most widespread zoonosis and an important human disease particularly in children where it could cause visual and neurological impairment and mental retardation. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of toxoplasmosis, especially congenital toxoplasmosis in patients at two health institutions in Trinidad A total of 504 cord blood samples of newborn babies were collected 174 from a women's hospital and 330 from a general hospital. In order to elicit aternal and prenatal risk factors for toxoplasmosis, mothers of the newborns completed a questionnaire. Enzyme-immuno assay (EIA) was used to detect IgG and IgM to Toxoplasma gondii. Overall, of 504 serum samples tested, 220 (43.7%) were seropositive for IgG while the prevalence of congenital toxoplasmosis as reflected by IgM was 0.4%. The prevalence of IgG and IgM by health institutions was not significantly different (p > 0.05; chi-square). The prevalence of toxoplasmosis using IgG was highest in neonates of mothers who were of East Indian descent (54.1%), had four children (52.9%), kept cats in households (47.7%), practised outdoor gardening (50.8%), consumed raw meat (66.7%), had experienced miscarriage(s) (47.3%), stillbirths (66.7%), or who had eye problem(s) (52.9%) and mental retardation (50.0%). The study prevalence of congenital toxoplasmosis revealed a high seroprevalence oftoxoplasmosis in neonates but there was 0.4% serological evidence of congenital disease. It indicates a need for sensitization of the population and healthcare workers and for follow-up of infected children for clinical evidence of the disease. This would be necessary to fully appreciate the impact of toxoplasmosis in Trinidad and Tobago. The differences from comparison groups were however not statistically significant (p > 0.05; chi-square).
RESUMEN
La toxoplasmosis es la zoonosis más extendida y una enfermedad humana importante, particularmente en niños, a quienes puede causar daño visual y neurológico, y retraso mental. Este estudio se llevó a cabo con el propósito de determinar la prevalencia de la toxoplasmosis, especialmente la toxoplasmosis congénita en pacientes de dos centros de salud en Trinidad. Se recogieron un total de 504 muestras de sangre de cordón umbilical de neonatos 174 de mujeres en un hospital de mujeres y 330 en un hospital general. A fin de obtener información sobre los factores de riesgo maternos y prenatales en relación con la toxoplasmosis, las madres de los recién nacidos llenaron una encuesta. Un ensayo inmunoenzimático (EIE) fue usado para detectar anticuerpos IgG e IgM contra el Toxoplasma gondii. En general, de 504 muestras de suero examinadas, 220 (43.7%) resultaron seropositivas al IgG, mientras que la prevalencia de la toxoplasmosis congénita reflejada por el IgM fue 0.4%. La prevalencia de IgG e IgM por parte de las instituciones de salud no fue significativamente diferente (p > 0.05; chi-cuadrado). La prevalencia de la toxoplasmosis usando IgG fue más alta en los neonatos cuyas madres eran ascendencia indoriental (54.1%), tenían cuatro niños (52.9%), mantenían gatos en sus casas (47.7%), practicaban jardinería al aire libre (50.8%), consumían carne cruda (66.7%), habían tenido aborto(s) (47.3%), partos de feto muerto (66.7%), o tenían problema(s) de los ojos (52.9%) y retardo mental (50.0%). Este estudio de la toxoplasmosis congénita, reveló una alta seroprevalencia de toxoplasmosis en neonatos, pero hubo 0.4% de evidencia serológica de enfermedad congénita. Esto apunta a la necesidad de sensibilizar a la población y a los trabajadores del cuidado de la salud, e igualmente indica la necesidad de realizar seguimientos a los niños infectados, en busca de evidencia clínica de la enfermedad. Esto es necesario si se quiera valorar totalmente el impacto de la...
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Toxoplasma / Toxoplasmosis, Congenital Type of study: Etiology study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Risk factors Limits: Animals / Female / Humans / Male / Pregnancy Country/Region as subject: English Caribbean / Trinidad and Tobago Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2007 Type: Article Affiliation country: Trinidad and Tobago Institution/Affiliation country: The University of the West Indies/TT

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Toxoplasma / Toxoplasmosis, Congenital Type of study: Etiology study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Risk factors Limits: Animals / Female / Humans / Male / Pregnancy Country/Region as subject: English Caribbean / Trinidad and Tobago Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2007 Type: Article Affiliation country: Trinidad and Tobago Institution/Affiliation country: The University of the West Indies/TT