Reporte clínico: histoplasmosis diseminada alóctona en un paciente con síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida / Clinical report: Disseminated allocthonous histoplasmosis in a acquired immunodeficience syndrome patient

RESUMEN

Se describe un caso de histoplamosis diseminada alóctona en un paciente con SIDA, de nacionalidad colombiana, quien ingresó al país en Marzo del 2006. Consultó por cuadro clínico de 2 meses de evolución, con dolor abdominal intenso, vómitos, baja de peso, diaforesis, fiebre vespertina, adenopatías múltiples y candidosis oral. De los exámenes destacó radiografía de tórax con infiltrado intersticial, pancitopenia, ELISA para VIH positivo y cultivos microbiológicos negativos. El paciente evolucionó desfavorablemente a pesar del tratamiento antimicrobiano empírico de amplio espectro; se tomó biopsia de ganglio cervical cuyo informe reveló presencia de levaduras gemantes en focos de necrosis, por lo que se inició tratamiento con anfotericina B y se repitió la biopsia para cultivo micológico cuyo informe fue Histoplasma capsulatum. Posteriormente evolucionó favorablemente, afebril y con parcial mejoría del estado general, sin embargo, el día 17/11/06 cursa con agitación, desaturación y un día después fallece por causa indeterminada. Se comenta este inhabitual caso nacional con algunos aportes epidemiológicos, de diagnóstico y sistemáticos.

ABSTRACT

A case of disseminated allocthonous histoplasmosis in a Colombian AIDS patient who came to the countryin March 2006 is described. He consulted for a clinic syndrome which had started two months before and which was characterized by intense abdominal pain, vomits, weight loss, diaphoresis, evening fever, multiple adenopathies and oral candidosis. Among the exams he was submittedto it is noteworthy a thorax X-rays with interstitial infiltrate, pancitopenia, ELISA to detect positive VIH and negative microbiological cultures. The patient reacted unsatisfactorily in spite of the empirical, broad spectrum antimicrobian treatment; the cervical ganglion was byopsed revealing the presence of gemant yeasts in necrosis focuses after which a treatment with anfotericine B was started, byopsia was repeated to get a mycological culture resulting Histoplasma capsulatum. Later on he reacted satisfactorily, he had no fever and showed a partial improvementin his general state, however on 11/17/06 he undergoes agitation, desaturation and he dies the followingday due to an undetermined cause. This rarely frequent national case is commented together with the delivery of some epidemiological as well as diagnostic and systematic information.