Questionando o futuro: as representações sociais de jovens estudantes / Questioning the future: the social representations of young students

RESUMO

Foram pesquisadas as representações sociais (RS) de perspectivas de futuro de pré-adolescentes e adolescentes, alunos da rede pública de ensino cuiabana. Como referencial para a análise, utilizamos a Teoria das Representações Sociais, de Serge Moscovici e colaboradores, em especial as contribuições de Denise Jodelet. Foram aplicados questionários em 30 escolas, consultando 813 sujeitos, em 2002. Entrevistas, em oito escolas, contataram 40 sujeitos, em 2003. Os dados dos questionários foram processados pelo software SPSS, sendo realizadas análises univariadas e testes bivariados de correlação. As entrevistas permitiram contextualizar tais dados. Verificou-se que as RS dos jovens constroem-se com bases nos elementos: estudo, trabalho, família e qualidade de vida, enraizados na história e na cultura, representadas pela família e, em especial, pela figura materna, apontando para a ocorrência de representações do tipo hegemônico.

ABSTRACT

This study presents the results of a research about the social representations of future perspectives produced by pre-adolescent and adolescent students, who study during the day at public schools in Cuiabá. The theoretical background is based on Serge Moscovici’s and on his collaborators proposals. Denise Jodelet’s contributions were specially applied to this study. The procedure used for collecting the data counted on questionnaires, applied in 30 public schools, in which 813 subjects were studied during the year of 2002, and interviews, conducted in eight schools, listening to 40 subjects, during the year of 2003. The collected data was processed by the software SPSS. Unvaried analyses and correlation bivariety tests were done. The SR of youths are constructed based on the elements: study, work, family and lifequality, rooted in the history and culture, represented by the family, specially by the motherly figure, that points to hegemonic type of representations.