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Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Trinidad and Tobago
Ramsewak, Samuel; Gooding, Randall; Ganta, Koteswaramma; Seepersadsingh, Nadira; Adesiyun, Abiodun A.
  • Ramsewak, Samuel; University of the West Indies. Faculty of Medical Sciences. Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences. St. Augustine. TT
  • Gooding, Randall; University of the West Indies. Faculty of Medical Sciences. Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences. St. Augustine. TT
  • Ganta, Koteswaramma; University of the West Indies. Faculty of Medical Sciences. Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences. St. Augustine. TT
  • Seepersadsingh, Nadira; University of the West Indies. Faculty of Medical Sciences. Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences. St. Augustine. TT
  • Adesiyun, Abiodun A; University of the West Indies. Faculty of Medical Sciences. Department of Paraclinical Sciences. St. Augustine. TT
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 23(3): 164-170, mar. 2008. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-481113
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis and the frequency of risk factors for the disease in women attending antenatal clinics in hospitals and local health centers in Trinidad and Tobago.

METHODS:

From November 2002-September 2003, 232 pregnant women at the antenatal clinics of two large hospitals were sampled during their first trimesters. From October 2003-February 2005, 218 pregnant women at five health care centers were followed through three trimesters, wherever possible, and blood samples collected. Sera were screened for Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM immunoglobulins using an enzyme immunoassay. Data on demographics, as well as practices considered to be risk factors for toxoplasmosis, were obtained.

RESULTS:

Of the 232 women sampled at the two hospital clinics, 83 (35.8 percent) and 8 (3.4 percent) were seropositive for immunoglobulins of T. gondii IgG and IgM, respectively. Of the 218 women at the health centers, 76 (34.9 percent) had evidence of past infection (IgG), while 26 (11.9 percent) were seropositive for IgM immunoglobulin, suggesting new infections during pregnancy. Only having "3 or more" children was significantly associated with infection by T. gondii.

CONCLUSION:

In Trinidad and Tobago, the seroprevalence of past infection by T. gondii in pregnant women is relatively low (39.3 percent) for patients in both hospital and health center clinics. Consequently, there is an elevated risk of primary infection during pregnancy and the potential for congenital infection.
RESUMEN

OBJETIVO:

Determinar la seroprevalencia de toxoplasmosis y la frecuencia de los factores de riesgo de la enfermedad en mujeres que asisten a consultas prenatales en hospitales y centros de salud en Trinidad y Tobago.

MÉTODOS:

Entre noviembre de 2002 y septiembre de 2003 se tomaron muestras de 232 mujeres que asistieron a consultas prenatales en dos grandes hospitales durante su primer trimestre de embarazo. Entre octubre de 2003 y febrero de 2005 se realizó el seguimiento durante tres trimestres, siempre que fue posible, y se tomaron muestras de sangre de 218 embarazadas atendidas en cinco centros de salud. Se analizaron las muestras de suero para detectar anticuerpos de las clases IgG e IgM contra Toxoplasma gondii mediante ensayos inmunoenzimáticos. Se tomó nota de los datos demográficos y las prácticas consideradas factores de riesgo para la toxoplasmosis.

RESULTADOS:

De las 232 mujeres estudiadas en los dos hospitales, 83 (35,8 por ciento) y 8 (3,4 por ciento) resultaron seropositivas para anticuerpos IgG e IgM contra T. gondii, respectivamente. De las 218 mujeres estudiadas en los centros de salud, 76 (34,9 por ciento) presentaban evidencias de infección pasada (anticuerpos IgG), mientras 26 (11,9 por ciento) eran positivas a anticuerpos IgM, lo que indicaba una infección reciente durante el embarazo. El único factor asociado significativamente con la infección por T. gondii fue tener tres hijos o más.

CONCLUSIONES:

En Trinidad y Tobago, la seroprevalencia de infección pasada por T. gondii encontrada en mujeres embarazadas que se atendían en los hospitales y los centros de salud fue relativamente baja (39,3 por ciento). Por consiguiente, existe un elevado riesgo de infección primaria durante el embarazo con la posibilidad de infección congénita.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Toxoplasma / Toxoplasmosis / Toxoplasmosis, Congenital / Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic Type of study: Etiology study / Incidence study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Risk factors Limits: Animals / Female / Humans / Pregnancy Country/Region as subject: English Caribbean / Trinidad and Tobago Language: English Journal: Rev. panam. salud pública Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2008 Type: Article Affiliation country: Trinidad and Tobago Institution/Affiliation country: University of the West Indies/TT

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Toxoplasma / Toxoplasmosis / Toxoplasmosis, Congenital / Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic Type of study: Etiology study / Incidence study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Risk factors Limits: Animals / Female / Humans / Pregnancy Country/Region as subject: English Caribbean / Trinidad and Tobago Language: English Journal: Rev. panam. salud pública Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2008 Type: Article Affiliation country: Trinidad and Tobago Institution/Affiliation country: University of the West Indies/TT