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Factores de riesgo vascular y función cognoscitiva en ancianos institucionalizados y de la comunidad / Vascular risk factors and cognitive function of the elderly in homes and in the community
Fernández Guerra, Natalia; González Escudero, Hilda.
  • Fernández Guerra, Natalia; Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico Hermanos Ameijeiras. Servicio de Geriatría. La Habana. CU
  • González Escudero, Hilda; Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico Hermanos Ameijeiras. Servicio de Geriatría. La Habana. CU
Rev. cuba. med ; 47(1)ene.-mar. 2008. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-499483
RESUMEN
Se realizó un estudio clínico-epidemiológico descriptivo y transversal a 250 adultos mayores, 125 de la comunidad y 125 de instituciones (Hogares de Ancianos) de los municipios Centro Habana y Habana Vieja, para identificar el estado cognitivo de estos pacientes y determinar la relación entre los factores de riesgo vascular y la función cognitiva. A todos se les aplicó una encuesta que incluía datos de identidad, edad, sexo, procedencia y si padecían de hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemias, cardiopatía isquémica y hábitos tóxicos como el tabaquismo. Medimos función cognoscitiva mediante el Minimental State Examination de Folstein, y reconocimos 3 categorías indemnes, deteriorados y dementes, según puntaje alcanzado. Se procesaron las variables por procedimientos estadísticos establecidos y diseñados por expertos de esta disciplina y se expusieron en tablas y gráficos para su mejor comprensión. Se observó que el 50,0 por ciento del total estaban indemnes; el 37,1 por ciento, deteriorado y el 12,9 por ciento, demente. De los 125 de la comunidad, el 4,0 por ciento estaba demente; el 31,0 por ciento, deteriorado y el 64,8 por ciento, indemne. El mayor porcentaje de pacientes dementes se detectó entre los diabéticos e hipertensos, el 50,0 por ciento de los pacientes estudiados presentaron disfunción cognoscitiva y el mayor porcentaje de los pacientes con deterioro cognoscitivo procedían de las instituciones (Hogares de Ancianos)
ABSTRACT
A clinicoepidemiological, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted among 250 older adults, 125 from the community and 125 from institutions (homes for the aged) of the municipalities of Centro Habana and Habana Vieja, aimed at identifying the cognitive state of these patients and at determining the relation between the vascular risk factors and the cognitive function. All of them took part in a survey that included age, sex, origin and whether they suffered from arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemias, ischemic heart disease and toxic habits, such as smoking. The cognitive function was measured by Folstein's Minimental State Examination. 3 categories were recognized undamaged, deteriorated and insane according to the score attained. The variables were processed by statistical procedures established and designed by experts of this discipline. Tables and graphs were shown for a better understanding. It was observed that 50.0 percent of the total were undamaged; 37.1 percent, deteriorated; and 12.9 percent, insane. Of the 125 from the community, 4.0 percent were insane; 31.0 percent, deteriorated; and 64.8 percent, undamaged. The highest percentage of insanes was observed among diabetics and hypertensives. 50.0 percent of the studied patients presented cognitive dysfunction, whereas most of the patients with cognitive deterioration were from the institutions (homes for the aged)
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Vascular Diseases / Cognition Disorders Type of study: Etiology study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Adult / Humans Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. cuba. med Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2008 Type: Article Affiliation country: Cuba Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico Hermanos Ameijeiras/CU

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Vascular Diseases / Cognition Disorders Type of study: Etiology study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Adult / Humans Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. cuba. med Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2008 Type: Article Affiliation country: Cuba Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico Hermanos Ameijeiras/CU