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Antropometría del trabajador minero de la altura / High altitude mining workers anthropometry
Ramírez, Augusto V.
  • Ramírez, Augusto V; American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Dirección de Salud Ocupacional. Cajamarca. PE
An. Fac. Med. (Perú) ; 67(4): 298-309, oct.-dic. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-499647
RESUMEN

Introducción:

La antropometría trata de las medidas del cuerpo humano y es base fundamental para la ergonomía. La minería peruana se localiza casi siempre en la gran altura, hábitat del hombre andino, que tiene características antropométricas diversas al hombre del llano.

Objetivo:

Caracterizar antropométricamente a una población andina de trabajadores mineros en la sierra central del Perú.

Diseño:

El estudio fue descriptivo, tipo prospectivo y observacional. Lugar Servicio de Salud Ocupacional, Centromin-Perú, en La Oroya, y 4 de sus hospitales mineros satélites. Participantes Tres mil trabajadores mineros, sanos, de sexo masculino, de 21 a 60 años, nativos-residentes en alturas superiores a 3 500 msnm. Intervenciones La muestra la generamos con un modelo aleatorio polietápico de conglomerados. El estudio se realizó entre 1984-1994; obtuvimos media, rango y desviación estándar de la media. Para la certeza estadística de la hipótesis de normalidad, aplicamosla prueba de significancia de Shapiro - Wilk, para dos colas. Principales medidas de los

resultados:

Medidas morfológicas, macroscópicas, fenotípicas y de superficie, realizadas con un protocolo de medición y según técnica reconocida en el ámbito científico.

Resultados:

De los parámetros estudiadosdestacaron de pie, estatura 151,2 a 154,6, altura piso-ojos, 1,481 m; sentado, asiento-codo 0,243 m, a vértex y altura ojos, 1,155 y 1,095 m; mano, ancho y largo, 0,104 a 0,171 m; pie, ancho y largo, 0,92 y 0,239 m; perímetro tórax, reposo 98,16, inspiración forzada, 105,3, espiración forzada 94,3 cm. Los resultados fueron validados con la prueba...
ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Anthropometry is the essential basis for ergonomics, mainly human bodyÆs measures referred to size and shapes. Peruvian mining is located at high altitudes, habitat of ethnic Andean men showing different anthropometry to the sea level man.

Objectives:

To characterize anthropometrics of a Peruvian Andean Mountain mining workers, native men population, residing and living at 3 000 masl and more.

Design:

Descriptive, prospective and observational study.

Setting:

La Oroya Centromin-Peru EnterpriseÆs Occupational Health Service and its four mining satellite hospitals.

Participants:

Three thousand healthy native 21 to 60 year-old male mining workers residing in altitudes above 3 500 masl.

Interventions:

The sample was generated by conglomerateÆs random aleatory polyphase model. The study was done between 1984-1994. For normality hipótesis statistical certainty we applied Shapiro - WilkÆs two tails significant test. Main outcome

measures:

Morphologic, macroscopic, phenotypic and surface measurements done with a measurement protocol and according to a scientific recognized technique.

Results:

Highlighted parameters were standing, stature 151,2 to 154,6, floor-eyes height, 1,481 m; sitting, chair-elbow 0,243 m, to vertex and eye height, 1,155 and 1,095 m; hand, width and length, 0,104 to 0,171 m; foot, width and length, 0,92 and 0,239 m; thoracic perimeter, resting 98,16, forced inspiration, 105,3, forced espiration, 94,3 cm. Results were validated with Shapiro WilkÆs test that values x between 0,01 and 0,099. From the whole (47), three parameters were totally rejected arm maximum vertical reach, hip width and cranium perimeter, whose parameters x value was major igual 0,50.

Conclusions:

The Andean miner worker has proper dimensions different from the sea level man. Integral anthropometric and ergonomics parameters investigations on high altitude living Andean workers should be carried out.
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Anthropometry / Altitude / Ergonomics / Anthropology, Physical / Mining Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Adult / Humans / Male Language: Spanish Journal: An. Fac. Med. (Perú) Year: 2006 Type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine/PE

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Anthropometry / Altitude / Ergonomics / Anthropology, Physical / Mining Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Adult / Humans / Male Language: Spanish Journal: An. Fac. Med. (Perú) Year: 2006 Type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine/PE