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Knowledge and practices of medical students to prevent tuberculosis transmission in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil / Conocimientos y prácticas de los estudiantes de medicina para prevenir la transmisión de la tuberculosis en Río de Janeiro, Brasil
Teixeira, Eleny Guimarães; Menzies, Dick; Cunha, Antonio Jose Ledo Alves; Luiz, Ronir Raggio; Ruffino-Netto, Antonio; Scartozzoni, Marcio Samara; Portela, Poliana; Trajman, Anete.
  • Teixeira, Eleny Guimarães; Gama Filho University. Internal Medicine Department. Rio de Janeiro. BR
  • Menzies, Dick; McGill University. Health Centre. Montreal Chest Institute. Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit. Montreal. CA
  • Cunha, Antonio Jose Ledo Alves; Rio de Janeiro Federal University. IPPMG. Rio de Janeiro. BR
  • Luiz, Ronir Raggio; Rio de Janeiro Federal University. IESC. Rio de Janeiro. BR
  • Ruffino-Netto, Antonio; São Paulo University. Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine. Department of Social Medicine. São Paulo. BR
  • Scartozzoni, Marcio Samara; Gama Filho University. Internal Medicine Department. Rio de Janeiro. BR
  • Portela, Poliana; Gama Filho University. Internal Medicine Department. Rio de Janeiro. BR
  • Trajman, Anete; Gama Filho University. Internal Medicine Department. Rio de Janeiro. BR
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 24(4): 265-270, oct. 2008. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-500456
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To describe knowledge, practices, and associated factors of medical students to prevent transmission of tuberculosis (TB) in five medical schools. METHODS: Cross-sectional survey of undergraduate medical students in preclinical and in early and late clinical years. Information was obtained on sociodemographic profile, previous lectures on TB, knowledge about TB transmission, exposure to patients with active pulmonary TB, and use of respiratory protective masks. RESULTS: Among 1 094 respondents, 575 (52.6 percent) correctly answered that coughing, speaking, and sneezing can transmit TB. Early [adjusted odds ratio = 4.0 (3.0, 5.5)] and late [adjusted odds ratio = 4.2 (3.1, 5.8)] clinical years were associated with correct answers, but having had previous lectures on TB was not. Among those who had previous lectures on TB, the rate of correct answers increased from 42.1 percent to 61.6 percent. Among 332 medical students who reported exposure to TB patients, 194 (58.4 percent) had not used protective masks. More years of clinical experience was associated with the use of masks [adjusted odds ratio = 2.9 (1.4, 6.1)], while knowledge was inversely associated with the use of masks [adjusted odds ratio = 0.4 (0.2, 0.6)]. CONCLUSIONS: Many medical students are not aware of the main routes of TB infection, and lectures on TB are not sufficient to change knowledge and practices. Regardless of knowledge about TB transmission, students engage in risky behaviors: more than two-thirds do not use a protective mask when examining an active TB case. We suggest innovative, effective active learning experiences to change this scenario.
RESUMEN
OBJETIVOS: Describir los conocimientos y las prácticas de los estudiantes de medicina para prevenir la transmisión de la tuberculosis (TB) en cinco escuelas de medicina y sus factores asociados. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal mediante encuesta a estudiantes de medicina de cursos preclínicos, clínicos iniciales y clínicos avanzados. Se obtuvo información del perfil sociodemográfico, las conferencias recibidas sobre TB, el conocimiento sobre la transmisión de la TB, la exposición a pacientes con TB pulmonar activa y el uso de máscaras respiratorias de protección. RESULTADOS: De los 1 094 encuestados, 575 (52,6 por ciento) respondieron correctamente que toser, hablar y estornudar pueden transmitir la TB. Estar en los cursos clínicos iniciales (razón de posibilidades ajustada [ORa] = 4,0; intervalo de confianza de 95 por ciento [IC95 por ciento]: 3,0 a 5,5) y avanzados (ORa = 4,2; IC95 por ciento: 3,1 a 5,8) se asociaron con las respuestas correctas, no así haber recibido conferencias sobre TB. La tasa de respuestas correctas aumentó de 42,1 por ciento a 61,6 por ciento en los estudiantes que habían recibido conferencias sobre TB. De los 332 estudiantes de medicina que informaron haber estado expuestos a pacientes con TB, 194 (58,4 por ciento) no usaron máscaras protectoras. El mayor número de años de experiencia clínica se asoció con el uso de máscaras (ORa = 2,9; IC95 por ciento: 1,4 a 6,1), mientras que el conocimiento sobre el tema se asoció inversamente con el uso de máscaras (ORa = 0,4; IC95 por ciento: 0,2 a 0,6). CONCLUSIONES: Muchos estudiantes de medicina no conocen las vías principales de infección de la TB y las conferencias sobre TB no son suficientes para modificar sus conocimientos y actitudes. Independientemente del conocimiento sobre la transmisión de la TB, los estudiantes incurrieron en conductas de riesgo: más de dos terceras partes no usó máscaras protectoras al examinar casos activos de TB. Se recomienda establecer prácticas...
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Students, Medical / Tuberculosis / Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice Type of study: Etiology study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Qualitative research / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Rev. panam. salud pública Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2008 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil / Canada Institution/Affiliation country: Gama Filho University/BR / McGill University/CA / Rio de Janeiro Federal University/BR / São Paulo University/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Students, Medical / Tuberculosis / Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice Type of study: Etiology study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Qualitative research / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Rev. panam. salud pública Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2008 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil / Canada Institution/Affiliation country: Gama Filho University/BR / McGill University/CA / Rio de Janeiro Federal University/BR / São Paulo University/BR