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Prevalência de defeitos de fechamento de tubo neural no Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo / Prevalence of neural tube defects in Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo, Brazil
Nascimento, Luiz Fernando C.
  • Nascimento, Luiz Fernando C; Unitau. Departamento de Medicina. BR
Rev. paul. pediatr ; 26(4): 372-377, dez. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-507602
RESUMO

OBJETIVO:

Estimar a prevalência de defeitos de fechamento do tubo neural no Vale do Paraíba paulista e identificar possíveis fatores maternos e neonatais associados a tais defeitos.

MÉTODOS:

Realizou-se um estudo transversal com dados secundários obtidos na Secretaria Estadual da Saúde referentes aos nascimentos ocorridos em 2004 no Vale do Paraíba paulista, que compreende 35 municípios e conta com população de 2 milhões de habitantes. Anencefalia, encefalocele e espina bífida (mielocele e mielomeningocele) foram considerados defeitos de fechamento do tubo neural. As variáveis maternas foram idade, escolaridade, cor da pele, número de consultas no pré-natal, número de filhos vivos e relato de óbito fetal prévio. As variáveis relativas ao recém-nascido foram peso, idade gestacional e escore de Apgar. Realizou-se comparação das médias por meio do teste t de Student e obtiveram-se os valores das razões de chance com intervalos de confiança de 95%.

RESULTADOS:

Foram analisados 33.653 nascidos vivos. Trinta e oito recém-nascidos com o defeito foram encontrados (1,13/1.000 nascidos vivos), sendo 23 casos de espina bífida. Houve associação com baixo peso ao nascimento, prematuridade e menores escores de Apgar de cinco minutos.

CONCLUSÕES:

A prevalência desta anomalia foi inferior à de outros estudos nacionais e sua presença esteve associada ao baixo peso, à prematuridade e à baixa vitalidade ao nascer.
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

To estimate the prevalence of neural tube defects in Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo, Brazil, and to identify possible maternal and neonatal variables associated with these defects.

METHODS:

This cross-sectional study used secondary records of the Health Department of São Paulo State related live births during 2004 in Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo, Brazil. This region has 35 cities and 2 million inhabitants. Anencephaly, encephalocele and spina bifida (myelocele and myelomeningocele) were considered as neural tube defects. The following maternal variables were analyzed age, educational level, race, number of born alive and stillborn infants and prenatal visits. Neonatal variables were birth weight, gestational age and Apgar score. Numerical variables were compared by Student t test, and Odds Ratio values were obtained with the 95%confidence interval.

RESULTS:

The analysis was performed based on 33,653 records of born alive infants. Twenty-three infants with spina bifida were identified, with an estimated prevalence of 1.13 cases for each 1,000 live births. The presence of neural tube defects was associated to low birth weight, prematurity and low Apgar score.

CONCLUSIONS:

The estimated prevalence of neural tube defects in this region of São Paulo was lower than others reported in previous Brazilian studies. These defects were associated with low birth weight, prematurity and respiratory depression at birth.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Birth Certificates / Live Birth / Neural Tube Defects Type of study: Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: Portuguese Journal: Rev. paul. pediatr Journal subject: Pediatrics Year: 2008 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Unitau/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Birth Certificates / Live Birth / Neural Tube Defects Type of study: Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: Portuguese Journal: Rev. paul. pediatr Journal subject: Pediatrics Year: 2008 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Unitau/BR