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Efecto del tiempo de exposición a PM10 en las urgencias por bronquitis aguda / Effect of exposure time to PM10 on emergency admissions for acute bronchitis
Muñoz, Franz; Carvalho, Marilia Sá.
  • Muñoz, Franz; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca. Rio de Janeiro. BR
  • Carvalho, Marilia Sá; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca. Rio de Janeiro. BR
Cad. saúde pública ; 25(3): 529-539, mar. 2009. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-507857
RESUMEN
Este trabajo analiza el efecto de las horas de exposición a PM10 en las urgencias diarias por bronquitis aguda, controlando por temperatura y humedad. El estudio fue realizado en seis sectores de la ciudad de Santiago, Chile, durante el período de invierno de los años 2002 al 2004, para lactantes (< 1 año) y adultos mayores (> 65 años). Analizamos el retraso de la respuesta mediante una función polinomial distributiva (pdl), incluida en un modelo lineal generalizado (GLM-pdl), y la estructura del efecto de la exposición, mediante modelos aditivos generalizados (GAM), utilizando regresión spline como técnica de estimación. Los resultados mostraron que al cuarto día de retardo, el efecto de la exposición fue mayor, especialmente en lactantes, y varió en la medida que incrementó la concentración atmosférica de PM10. El efecto de las horas de exposición a PM10 mostró una variación significativa, según el sector geográfico. Al estimar linealmente este efecto en el sector Oeste, notamos que el incremento de consultas diarias en lactantes fue de 3 por ciento por cada hora de exposición sobre os 150µg/m³.
ABSTRACT
To study the health effect of air pollution, measured as particulate matter greater than 10mm in diameter (PM10), we analyzed the effect of daily hours of exposure on the number of urgency admissions for acute bronchitis, adjusting for temperature and humidity on the same day. The study was conducted in six regions of Santiago, Chile, during the winter of years 2002 to 2004, for infants and elders. The delay between pollution time series and disease was modeled using a polynomial distributed lag (PDL) function included in a generalized linear model. The linearity assumption was evaluated using a smooth-spline model approach. The highest effect for exposure to PM10 was detected with 4 days of delay. For both groups, the effect of temperature was linear, but that of humidity was not. Air pollution effect varied according to level of exposure and geographic region, increasing by 3 percent the total number of infant emergency consultations for each hour of exposure to levels greater than 150µg/m³. The study thus showed a significant impact of air pollution on population health.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Patient Admission / Bronchitis / Air Pollution / Emergency Service, Hospital / Environmental Exposure / Particulate Matter Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Etiology study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Aged / Humans / Infant Country/Region as subject: South America / Chile Language: Spanish Journal: Cad. saúde pública Journal subject: Public Health / Toxicology Year: 2009 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Patient Admission / Bronchitis / Air Pollution / Emergency Service, Hospital / Environmental Exposure / Particulate Matter Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Etiology study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Aged / Humans / Infant Country/Region as subject: South America / Chile Language: Spanish Journal: Cad. saúde pública Journal subject: Public Health / Toxicology Year: 2009 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/BR