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Cirugia de las epilepsias refractarias: estado del arte / Surgery for refractory epilepsy: state of the art
Campos P., Manuel G.
  • Campos P., Manuel G; Clínica Las Condes. Departamento de Neurocirugía. Santiago. CL
Rev. Méd. Clín. Condes ; 19(5): 601-609, nov. 2008. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-511237
RESUMEN
Las epilepsias refractarias son aquellas donde hay persistencia de crisis, que provocan invalidez, pese a un tratamiento farmacológico óptimo. Estos pacientes corresponden aproximadamente al 20 por ciento de todos los portadores de epilepsias y a lo menos la mitad de ellos son candidatos a para iniciar un estudio prequirúrgico. Este comprende: monitoreo continuo de video-EEG, examen neuropsicológico y neuroimágenes, principalmente resonancia magnética (RM). Una RM anormal y un EEG concordante, con cirugía precoz se asocian a mejor pronóstico. La cirugía tiene por objetivo eliminar las crisis (curativa) o disminuir su frecuencia (paliativa). Las cirugías de intención curativa son: epilepsia del lóbulo temporal (ELT), extra temporales lobares y hemisferectomías. El 80 por ciento de las cirugías son ELT y un 66 por ciento quedan sin crisis. Cirugías paliativas son la callosotomla y la implantación de estlmulador de nervio vago. En conclusión: La cirugía es el más efectivo tratamiento de las epilepsias refractarias especialmente focales sintomáticas.
ABSTRACT
At least 20 percent of the epilepsy patients have uncontrolled seizures with rational antiepileptic drugs. Approximately 10 percent of the whole epileptic population could be considered good candidates for epilepsy surgery Those patients need presurgical studies (PS): video-EEG, neuropsychological evaluation and neuroimaging, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The abnormal MRI and consistent localized EEG findings were associated with having undergone The success of epilepsy surgery depends upon the early identification of potential surgical candidates as well as the P5. Epilepsy surgery can be classified as curative, when the goal is seizure free patients, or palliative, when the target is to decrease the frequency of seizures. Surgeries with curative intention are: resection of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), extratemporal lobe epilepsy and hemispherectomies. TLE is 80 percent of the all epilepsies surgeries and 66 percent are seizure free. Palliative surgeries are callosotomies and vagus nerve stimulation. In conclusion: The surgery is the most effective treatment in focal intractable symptomatic epilepsies.
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Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Epilepsy Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. Méd. Clín. Condes Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2008 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Clínica Las Condes/CL

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Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Epilepsy Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. Méd. Clín. Condes Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2008 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Clínica Las Condes/CL