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Hypothalamic regulation of food intake and clinical therapeutic applications: [review] / Regulação hipotalâmica da ingestão alimentar e suas aplicações terapêuticas clínicas: [revisão]
Simpson, Katherine Anne; Martin, Niamh M; R. Bloom, Stephen.
  • Simpson, Katherine Anne; Imperial College. Department of Investigative Medicine. London. GB
  • Martin, Niamh M; Imperial College. Department of Investigative Medicine. London. GB
  • R. Bloom, Stephen; Imperial College. Department of Investigative Medicine. London. GB
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 53(2): 120-128, Mar. 2009. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-513765
ABSTRACT
Current estimates suggest that over 1 billion people are overweight and over 300 million people are obese. Weight gain is due to an imbalance between energy expenditure and dietary intake. This review discusses the hypothalamic control of appetite and highlights key developments in research that have furthered our understanding of the complex pathways involved. Nuclei within the hypothalamus integrate peripheral signals such as adiposity and caloric intake to regulate important pathways within the central nervous system controlling food intake and energy expenditure. Firmly established pathways involve the orexigenic NPY/AgRP and the anorexigenic POMC/CART neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus. These project from the ARC to other important hypothalamic nuclei, including the paraventricular, dorsomedial, ventromedial and lateral hypothalamic nuclei. In addition there are many projections to and from the brainstem, cortical areas and reward pathways, which modulate food intake.
RESUMO
As estimativas atuais sugerem que mais de 1 bilhão de pessoas apresentam sobrepeso e 300 milhões são obesas. O ganho de peso representa um desequilíbrio entre o gasto energético e o consumo alimentar. Esta revisão discute o controle hipotalâmico do apetite e destaca os pontos-chave no desenvolvimento de pesquisas para ampliar o nosso entendimento dos complexos mecanismos envolvidos nesta regulação. Núcleos situados no hipotálamo integram uma série de sinais com o sistema nervoso central controlando a ingestão alimentar e o gasto energético. As vias mais estabelecidas envolvem os neurônios orexigênicos NPY/AgRP e os neurônios anorexigênicos POMC/CART no núcleo arqueado (ARC) do hipotálamo. Esses neurônios se projetam do ARC para outros importantes núcleos hipotalâmicos, tais quais paraventricular, dorsomedial, ventromedial e lateral. Além disso, existem várias projeções que vão e vem do tronco cerebral, das áreas corticais e das vias de retroalimentação que modulam o consumo alimentar.
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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Appetite Regulation / Feeding Behavior / Hypothalamus / Obesity Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab Journal subject: Endocrinology / Metabolism Year: 2009 Type: Article Affiliation country: United kingdom Institution/Affiliation country: Imperial College/GB

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Appetite Regulation / Feeding Behavior / Hypothalamus / Obesity Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab Journal subject: Endocrinology / Metabolism Year: 2009 Type: Article Affiliation country: United kingdom Institution/Affiliation country: Imperial College/GB