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Predictores de suicidalidad en adolescentes / Predictors of suicidality in adolescents
Salvo G., Lilian; Melipillán A., Roberto.
  • Salvo G., Lilian; Hospital Clínico Herminda Martín. Servicio de Psiquiatría. Chillan. CL
  • Melipillán A., Roberto; Universidad del Desarrollo. Concepción. CL
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 46(2): 115-123, jun. 2008. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-513808
ABSTRACT

Background:

The suicidality has increased in adolescents. Its prevention requives to detect suicide ideation, suicide attempts and associated factors.

Objectives:

To determine the contribution of the self-esteem, impulsivity, family cohesion, family adaptability, social support in the prediction of suicidality in adolescents. Subjects and

Methods:

The Suicidality Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Impulsivity Scale, Olson Family Cohesion and Adaptability Scale and the Multidimensional scale of perceived social support of Zimet were administered to 763 high school students. For statistical analysis, t student, Pearson coefficient of correlation and multiple linear regression analyses, was used.

Results:

19.1 percent committed suicidal attempts and 7.9 percent had thought many times to finish with their Ufe. Difference in the relation between gender and suicidality was founded t (751) -6.69; p < 0,001, being greater in women. Age (r 0.12; p < 0.01) and impulsivity (r 0,28; p < 0.001) is related directly to suicidality; self-esteem (r -0.49;p < 0.001), family cohesion (r -0.36; p < 0.001) and social support (r -0.34; p < 0.001) inversely. The predictors explains 33.8 percent) of the suicidality (R²0.338); they contribute in sequence of importance self-esteem (beta -0.33; sr.²0.08; p < 0.001), gender (beta -0.19; sr.²0.033; p < 0.001), impulsivity (beta 0,17; sr.² 0.025; p < 0.001), family cohesion (fc -0.14; sr.² 0.011; p < 0.001), social support (ß -0.11; sr.² 0.008; p < 0.01) and age (ß -0.07; sr.² 0.005; p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

The adolescents with less self-esteem, greater impulsivity, with problems of family cohesion and less social support present greater suicidality.
RESUMEN

Introducción:

La suicidalidad ha aumentado en adolescentes. Su prevención requiere detectar ideas suicidas, intentos de suicidio y factores asociados.

Objetivos:

Determinar la contribución de autoestima, impulsividad, cohesión familiar, adaptabilidad familiar, apoyo social en la predicción de suicidalidad en adolescentes. Sujetos y

Métodos:

Se administró la escala de Suicidalidad, Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg, Escala de Impulsividad, Escala de Cohesión y Adaptabilidad familiar de Olson y Escala de Apoyo Social de Zimet a 763 estudiantes de enseñanza media. En el análisis se empleó prueba t de student, coeficiente de correlación de Pearson y análisis de regresión lineal múltiple.

Resultados:

19,1 por ciento cometió intentos suicidas y 17,9 por ciento había pensado muchas veces en terminar con su vida. Existe diferencia en la relación entre género y suicidalidad t (751) -6,69; p < 0,001, siendo mayor en mujeres. Edad (r 0,12; p < 0,01) e impulsividad (r 0,28; p < 0,001) se relacionan directamente con suicidalidad; autoestima (r -0,49; p < 0,001), cohesión familiar (r -0,36; p < 0,001) y apoyo social (r -0,34; p < 0,001) inversamente. Los predictores explican 33,8 por ciento de la suicidalidad (R² ajustado 0,338); contribuyendo en el siguiente orden de importancia autoestima (ß -0,33; sr²0,08; p < 0,001), género (ß -0,19; sr² 0,033; p < 0,001), impulsividad (ß 0,17; sr² 0,025; p < 0,001), cohesión familiar (ß -0,14; sr² 0,011; p < 0,001), apoyo social (ß -0,11; sr² 0,008; p < 0,01) y edad (ß -0,07; sr² 0,005; p < 0,05).

Conclusiones:

Los adolescentes con menor autoestima, mayor impulsividad, con problemas de cohesión familiar y menor apoyo social presentan mayor suicidalidad.
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Suicide / Suicide, Attempted Type of study: Diagnostic study / Evaluation studies / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Chile Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr Journal subject: Neurology / Psychiatry Year: 2008 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Clínico Herminda Martín/CL / Universidad del Desarrollo/CL

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Suicide / Suicide, Attempted Type of study: Diagnostic study / Evaluation studies / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Chile Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr Journal subject: Neurology / Psychiatry Year: 2008 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Clínico Herminda Martín/CL / Universidad del Desarrollo/CL