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Síndrome de automutilación en adolescentes: análisis comparativo de comorbilidad / Self-mutilation syndrome in adolescents: comparative analysis of comorbidity
Nader, Armando; Morales, Ana María.
  • Nader, Armando; s.af
  • Morales, Ana María; s.af
Rev. Soc. Psiquiatr. Neurol. Infanc. Adolesc ; 19(2): 21-28, dic. 2008. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-517497
RESUMEN
Objetivos. Estudiar en un grupo de pacientes adolescentes que presentan un Síndrome de Automutilación (SAM) su comorbilidad con Trastornos Psiquiátricos, ideación e intento de suicidio, y comparar ésta con otro grupo que no presenta dicho síndrome.Pacientes y método. Se tomó una muestra intencionada, pareada por rangos etarios, sexo y diagnostico, de 47 pacientes con SAM, entre 13 y 21 años de edad y como grupo control, 47 pacientes sin SAM. Ambos grupos de nivel socio-económico alto y medio-alto. Se diagnosticaron según criterios DSM-IV, realizando análisis comparativo de dos proporciones y prueba de Chi cuadrado. Resultados. Los pacientes que se automutilan presentan una mayor frecuencia significativa de Trastornos del Animo 85.1 porciento; Psicosis 36,2 porciento y Trastornos del Desarrollo de la Personalidad 74.7 porciento. Además, se observa una comorbilidad con la terna diagnóstica compuesta por Trastornos del Animo, de Personalidad y Abuso de Sustancias 29.8 porciento. Si bien la ideación Suicida es significativamente mayor en el grupo en estudio (61.7 porciento), no hay diferencia significativa en cuanto al número de intentos de suicidio.Conclusiones. En el diagnóstico y tratamiento del SAM se debe tener presente la comorbilidad y no tratar solamente la conducta de autodaño, por otro lado, frente a Trastornos Psiquiátricos como los aquí mencionados, se debe considerar, en los adolescentes, la posibilidad de estar frente a un SAM, lo que requerirá de un especial tratamiento.
ABSTRACT

Objectives:

To study a group of adolescent patients who present self-mutilation syndrome (SAM), their comorbidity with Psychiatric Disorders, suicidal behaviors (thoughts and attempts) and to compare it with a control group without SAM.Subjects and

Methods:

Two groups were chosen and paired by age, sex and diagnosis, with 47 patients with SAM ages 13 to 21 and as a control group, 47 patients without SAM. They were diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria, making a comparative analysis and Chi-squared test. Results. Patients with SAM present a higher and significant frequency of Mood Disorder 85.1 percent; Psychosis 36.2 percent and Developmental Disorders of Personality 74.4 percent. They also present a higher and significant frequency of coexisting disorders such as Mood, Personality and Abuse of Substances 29.8 percent. Although suicidal thoughts are significantly more common in the study group (61, 7 percent), there is no major difference regarding the number of suicide attempts.

Conclusions:

When diagnosing and treating SAM, one must not only treat the self harm disorder but also keep in mind comorbidity. On the other hand, when it comes to Psychiatric Disorders like the ones mentioned above, one must consider, in adolescents, the possibility of the presence SAM, which will require a specific treatment.
Subject(s)
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Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Self Mutilation / Mental Disorders Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Chile Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. Soc. Psiquiatr. Neurol. Infanc. Adolesc Journal subject: Neurology / Psychiatry Year: 2008 Type: Article

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Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Self Mutilation / Mental Disorders Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Chile Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. Soc. Psiquiatr. Neurol. Infanc. Adolesc Journal subject: Neurology / Psychiatry Year: 2008 Type: Article