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Prevalence of hepatitis A virus infection: the paradoxical example of isolated communities in the western Brazilian Amazon region / Prevalência da infecção pelo vírus da hepatite A: o exemplo paradoxal de comunidades isoladas na região Amazônica Ocidental Brasileira
Braga, Wornei Silva Miranda; Borges, Fabiane Giovanella; Barros Júnior, Gildo Maia; Martinho, Ana Cristina de Souza; Rodrigues, Ivo Seixas; Azevedo, Eliete Pereira de; Davis, Gustavo Henrique Nolasco Grimmer; Queiroz, Manoel Bezerra de; Santos, Simone Helena Derzi dos; Barbosa, Thiago Vitoriano; Castilho, Márcia da Costa.
  • Braga, Wornei Silva Miranda; Tropical Medicine Foundation of Amazonas. Virology Unit. Manaus. BR
  • Borges, Fabiane Giovanella; Tropical Medicine Foundation of Amazonas. Virology Unit. Manaus. BR
  • Barros Júnior, Gildo Maia; Tropical Medicine Foundation of Amazonas. Virology Unit. Manaus. BR
  • Martinho, Ana Cristina de Souza; Tropical Medicine Foundation of Amazonas. Virology Unit. Manaus. BR
  • Rodrigues, Ivo Seixas; Tropical Medicine Foundation of Amazonas. Virology Unit. Manaus. BR
  • Azevedo, Eliete Pereira de; Tropical Medicine Foundation of Amazonas. Virology Unit. Manaus. BR
  • Davis, Gustavo Henrique Nolasco Grimmer; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Leônidas and Maria Deane Research Center. Manaus. BR
  • Queiroz, Manoel Bezerra de; Municipality of Labrea Health Department. Lábrea. BR
  • Santos, Simone Helena Derzi dos; Amazonas Federal University. Manaus. BR
  • Barbosa, Thiago Vitoriano; Amazonas Federal University. Manaus. BR
  • Castilho, Márcia da Costa; Tropical Medicine Foundation of Amazonas. Virology Unit. Manaus. BR
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 42(3): 277-281, May-June 2009. graf, mapas, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-522256
ABSTRACT
This study evaluated the prevalence of hepatitis A virus infection in the rural area of Lábrea, in the western Brazilian Amazon region. Communities and households were selected randomly. Serum samples were analyzed by means of the immunoenzymatic method for the presence of total antibodies against HAV. The study included 1,499 individuals. The prevalence of anti-HAV was 74.6 percent (95 percent CI 72.3-76.8). Univariate analysis showed associations with age (chi-square for linear trend = 496.003, p < 0.001), presence of outside toilet (p < 0.001), history of hepatitis (p < 0.001) and family history of hepatitis (p = 0.05). After adjusting for age, HAV infection also showed an association with the number of people in the family (p = 0.03). The overall prevalence rates were high, but not more than 60 percent of the children under the age of ten years had already been infected. Very high prevalence was detected only within older cohorts, thus paradoxically defining this as a region with intermediate endemicity, even under the conditions of poverty encountered.
RESUMO
Este estudo avaliou a prevalência de infecção pelo vírus da hepatite A na área rural de Lábrea, Amazônia Ocidental Brasileira. Comunidades e domicílios foram selecionados aleatoriamente. Amostras de soro foram analisadas pelo método imunoenzimático para os anticorpos totais contra o vírus da hepatite A. O estudo incluiu 1.499 indivíduos. A prevalência do anti-HAV foi 74,6 por cento (IC 95 por cento 72,3 a 76,8). Análise univariada mostrou associação com idade (qui-quadrado de tendência linear = 496,003, p<0,001), presença de sanitário fora do domicílio (p<0,001), passado de hepatite (p<0,001) e história familiar de hepatite (p=0,05). Depois de controlado por idade, a infecção pelo VHA mostrou também associação com o número de pessoas na família (p=0,03). A prevalência global mostra taxas elevadas, entretanto não mais do que 60 por cento dos menores de 10 anos, já são infectados, e prevalências elevadas são detectadas em coortes de mais idade, mostrando paradoxalmente uma definição de região de endemicidade intermediária, mesmo nas condições de pobreza encontradas.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Hepatitis A virus / Hepatitis A Antibodies / Hepatitis A Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Diagnostic study / Prevalence study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Aged80 / Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Infant / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop Journal subject: Tropical Medicine Year: 2009 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Amazonas Federal University/BR / Municipality of Labrea Health Department/BR / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/BR / Tropical Medicine Foundation of Amazonas/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Hepatitis A virus / Hepatitis A Antibodies / Hepatitis A Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Diagnostic study / Prevalence study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Aged80 / Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Infant / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop Journal subject: Tropical Medicine Year: 2009 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Amazonas Federal University/BR / Municipality of Labrea Health Department/BR / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/BR / Tropical Medicine Foundation of Amazonas/BR