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Prevalência e fatores associados ao tabagismo em escolares da Região Sul do Brasil / Prevalence and risk factors associated with smoking among school children, Southern Brazil
Hallal, Ana Luiza Curi; Gotlieb, Sabina Léa Davidson; Almeida, Liz Maria de; Casado, Letícia.
  • Hallal, Ana Luiza Curi; Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública. São Paulo. BR
  • Gotlieb, Sabina Léa Davidson; FSP. Departamento de Epidemiologia. São Paulo. BR
  • Almeida, Liz Maria de; Instituto Nacional de Câncer. Divisão de Epidemiologia. Rio de Janeiro. BR
  • Casado, Letícia; Instituto Nacional de Câncer. Divisão de Epidemiologia. Rio de Janeiro. BR
Rev. saúde pública ; 43(5): 779-788, out. 2009. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-529067
RESUMO

OBJETIVO:

Estimar a prevalência do tabagismo em estudantes e os fatores associados.

MÉTODOS:

Foram utilizados dados secundários, provenientes do inquérito Vigescola realizado em Curitiba (PR), Florianópolis (SC) e Porto Alegre (RS) em 2002 e 2004. A amostra compreendeu 3.690 escolares de 13 a 15 anos, cursando as sétima e oitava séries do ensino fundamental e primeira do ensino médio, em escolas públicas e privadas. Para a análise dos resultados foram estimadas proporções ponderadas, odds ratio (OR), e utilizada a técnica de regressão logística múltipla.

RESULTADOS:

As taxas de prevalência de tabagismo corresponderam a 10,7 por cento (IC 95 por cento 10,2;11,3) em Florianópolis, 12,6 por cento (IC 95 por cento 12,4;12,9) em Curitiba e 17,7 por cento (IC 95 por cento 17,4;18,0) em Porto Alegre. Os fatores associados ao tabagismo em escolares em Curitiba foram sexo feminino (OR=1,49), pai fumante (OR=1,59), amigos fumantes (OR=3,46), exposição à fumaça do tabaco fora de casa (OR=3,26) e possuir algum objeto com logotipo de marca de cigarro (OR=3,29). Em Florianópolis, as variáveis associadas ao tabagismo foram escolares do sexo feminino (OR=1,26), ter amigos fumantes (OR=9,31), exposição à fumaça do tabaco em casa (OR=2,03) e fora de casa (OR=1,45) e ter visto propaganda em cartazes (OR=1,82). Em Porto Alegre, as variáveis que estiveram associadas com o uso de tabaco pelos escolares foram sexo feminino (OR=1,57), idade entre 14 anos (OR=1,77) e 15 anos (OR=2,89), amigos fumantes (OR=9,12), exposição à fumaça do tabaco em casa (OR=1,87) e fora de casa (OR=1,77) e possuir algo com logotipo de marca de cigarro (OR=2,83).

CONCLUSÕES:

Há elevada prevalência de tabagismo entre escolares de 13 a 15 anos, cujos fatores significativamente associados comuns às três capitais são ter amigos fumantes e estar exposto à fumaça ambiental fora de casa.
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

To estimate the prevalence of smoking among students and associated factors.

METHODS:

Secondary data from the Vigescola Survey, conducted in the cities of Curitiba, Florianópolis and Porto Alegre (Southern Brazil) between 2002 and 2004, were used. Sample comprised 3,690 school children, aged between 13 and 15 years, and enrolled in the 7th and 8th grades of primary school and 1st grade of high school, in public and private schools. Weighted proportions and odds ratio (OR) were estimated and multiple logistic regression was used to analyze results.

RESULTS:

Smoking prevalence rates were 10.7 percent (95 percent CI 10.2;11.3) in Florianópolis, 12.6 percent (95 percent CI 12.4;12.9) in Curitiba and 17.7 percent (95 percent CI 17.4;18.0) in Porto Alegre. Risk factors associated with smoking among schoolchildren in Curitiba were female sex (OR=1.49), smoking father (OR=1.59), smoking friends (OR=3.46), exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke outside the home (OR=3.26), and having some object with cigarette brand logos (OR=3.29). In Florianópolis, variables associated with smoking were female schoolchildren (OR=1.26), having smoking friends (OR=9.31), exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke at home (OR=2.03) and outside the home (OR=1.45) and having seen advertisements on posters (OR=1.82). In Porto Alegre, variables associated with tobacco use among school children were female sex (OR=1.57), aged between 14 years (OR=1.77) and 15 years (OR=2.89), smoking friends (OR=9.12), exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke at home (OR=1.87) and outside the home (OR=1.77) and having some object with cigarette brand logos (OR=2.83).

CONCLUSIONS:

Smoking prevalence among school children aged between 13 and 15 years is high. Factors significantly associated with it and common to the three capitals were as follows having smoking friends and being exposed to environmental smoke outside the home.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Students / Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Smoking / Environmental Exposure Type of study: Etiology study / Prevalence study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Adolescent / Child / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English / Portuguese Journal: Rev. saúde pública Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2009 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: FSP/BR / Instituto Nacional de Câncer/BR / Universidade de São Paulo/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Students / Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Smoking / Environmental Exposure Type of study: Etiology study / Prevalence study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Adolescent / Child / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English / Portuguese Journal: Rev. saúde pública Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2009 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: FSP/BR / Instituto Nacional de Câncer/BR / Universidade de São Paulo/BR