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Evaluation of the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of the acetone extract from Anacardium occidentale L / Avaliação dos efeitos antinociceptivo e antiinflamatório do extrato acetônico de Anacardium occidentale L
Vanderlinde, Fredterico Argollo; Landim, Higor Frutuoso; Costa, Elson Alves; Galdino, Pablinny Moreira; Maciel, Maria Aparecida Medeiros; Anjos, Gineide Conceição dos; Malvar, David do Carmo; Côrtes, Wellington da Silva; Rocha, Fábio Fagundes da.
  • Vanderlinde, Fredterico Argollo; Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro. Institute of Biology. Department of Physiological Sciences. Seropédica. BR
  • Landim, Higor Frutuoso; University Center of Barra Mansa. Barra Mansa. BR
  • Costa, Elson Alves; Federal University of Goiás. Institute of Biological Sciences. Department of Physiological Sciences. Goiânia. BR
  • Galdino, Pablinny Moreira; Federal University of Goiás. Institute of Biological Sciences. Department of Physiological Sciences. Goiânia. BR
  • Maciel, Maria Aparecida Medeiros; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Department of Chemistry. Natal. BR
  • Anjos, Gineide Conceição dos; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Department of Chemistry. Natal. BR
  • Malvar, David do Carmo; Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro. Institute of Biology. Department of Physiological Sciences. Seropédica. BR
  • Côrtes, Wellington da Silva; Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro. Institute of Biology. Department of Physiological Sciences. Seropédica. BR
  • Rocha, Fábio Fagundes da; Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro. Institute of Biology. Department of Physiological Sciences. Seropédica. BR
Braz. j. pharm. sci ; 45(3): 437-442, July-Sept. 2009. graf, tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-533170
ABSTRACT
The stem bark of Anacardium occidentale L. (Anacardiaceae), commonly called cashew, is used in Brazilian traditional medicine for the treatment of gastric and inflammatory disorders. The present study was carried out to investigate the in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of the acetone extract (AE) of the stem bark of A. occidentale. We evaluated the pharmacological activities of this plant material through the analgesic, antiedematogenic and chemotaxic inhibitory effects produced by the AE. The oral administration (p.o.) of mice with the AE (0.1, 0.3 and 1.0 g/kg) or positive control indomethacin (10 mg/kg) inhibited acetic acid-induced writhing by 18.9, 35.9, 62.9 and 68.9 percent, respectively (ID50 percent = 530 mg/kg). The highest dose of the AE was able to inhibit croton oil-induced ear edema formation by 56.8 percent (indomethacin at 10 mg/kg, p.o. - 57.6 percent inhibition). When submitted to the carrageenan-induced peritonitis test, the AE (0.1, 0.3 and 1.0 g/kg, p.o.) impaired leukocyte migration into the peritoneal cavity by 24.8, 40.5 and 49.6 percent, respectively. The positive control, dexamethasone (2 mg/kg, s.c.), inhibited leukocyte migration by 66.9 percent. These results indicate the presence of anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive principles in the acetone extract of Anacardium occidentale, and reinforce the plant's potential therapeutic use against pain and inflammatory diseases.
RESUMO
As cascas do caule do Anacardium occidentale L. (Anacardiaceae), conhecido como cajueiro, são popularmente utilizadas no Brasil para o tratamento de doenças gástricas e inflamatórias. Este estudo teve como objetivo a avaliação farmacológica in vivo da atividade antiinflamatória do extrato acetônico (AE) obtido das cascas do A. occidentale, investigando os efeitos analgésico, antiedematogênico e inibitório sobre a quimiotaxia deste material botânico. A administração oral (p.o.) em camundongos com o AE (0,1; 0,3 e 1 g/kg) ou o controle positivo indometacina (10 mg/kg) inibiu as contorções abdominais induzidas pelo ácido acético em 18,9; 35,9; 62,9 e 68,9 por cento respectivamente (ID50 por cento = 530 mg/kg). Esta maior dose do AE também inibiu o edema de orelha produzido pelo óleo de cróton em 56,8 por cento (indometacina, 10 mg/kg, p.o. - 57,6 por cento de inibição). No teste da peritonite induzido pela carragenina, o AE (0,1; 0,3; e 1,0 mg/kg, p.o.) reduziu a migração de leucócitos para a cavidade peritoneal em 24,8; 40,5; e 49,6 por cento respectivamente, enquanto que o controle positivo dexametasona (2 mg/kg, s.c.) inibiu a migração de leucócitos em 66,9 por cento. Estes resultados indicam a presença de princípios ativos antiinflamatórios e antinociceptivos no extrato acetônico de Anacardium occidentale e reforçam o potencial terapêutico da planta em doenças que envolvem dor e inflamação.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Acetone / Plant Extracts / Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Anacardium / Phytotherapy Type of study: Evaluation studies Language: English Journal: Braz. j. pharm. sci Year: 2009 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro/BR / Federal University of Goiás/BR / Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte/BR / University Center of Barra Mansa/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Acetone / Plant Extracts / Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Anacardium / Phytotherapy Type of study: Evaluation studies Language: English Journal: Braz. j. pharm. sci Year: 2009 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro/BR / Federal University of Goiás/BR / Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte/BR / University Center of Barra Mansa/BR