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Bacteriological analysis of induced sputum for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in the clinical practice of a general tertiary hospital / Análise bacteriológica do escarro induzido para o diagnóstico de tuberculose pulmonar na prática clínica de um hospital geral terciário
Garcia, Sabrina Bollmann; Perin, Christiano; Silveira, Marcel Muller da; Vergani, Gustavo; Menna-Barreto, Sérgio Saldanha; Dalcin, Paulo de Tarso Roth.
  • Garcia, Sabrina Bollmann; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Department of Pulmonology. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Perin, Christiano; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Department of Pulmonology. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Silveira, Marcel Muller da; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Department of Pulmonology. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Vergani, Gustavo; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. School of Medicine. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Menna-Barreto, Sérgio Saldanha; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Department of Pulmonology. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Dalcin, Paulo de Tarso Roth; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. School of Medicine. Porto Alegre. BR
J. bras. pneumol ; 35(11): 1092-1099, nov. 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-533287
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the diagnostic sensitivity of bacteriological analyses in induced sputum (IS) for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and to identify the clinical characteristics associated with the confirmed diagnosis, as well as to determine the diagnostic yield of bronchoscopy carried out when IS tests negative for AFB in smear microscopy.

METHODS:

A retrospective, cross-sectional study of patients suspected of having active pulmonary TB and referred to our clinic for sputum induction. We consecutively reviewed the laboratory data of all patients submitted to sputum induction between June of 2003 and January of 2006, as well as their electronic medical records. In addition, the results of the bacteriological analysis of bronchoscopic specimens collected from the patients whose AFB tests were negative in IS were reviewed.

RESULTS:

Of the 417 patients included in the study, 83 (19.9 percent) presented IS samples that tested positive for TB (smear microscopy or culture). In the logistic regression analysis, radiological findings of cavitation (OR = 3.8; 95 percent CI 1.9-7.6) and of miliary infiltrate (OR = 3.7; 95 percent CI 1.6-8.6) showed the strongest association with the diagnosis of pulmonary TB. In 134 patients, bronchoscopy was carried out after negative AFB results in IS and added 25 (64.1 percent) confirmed diagnoses of pulmonary TB.

CONCLUSIONS:

In our clinical practice, the frequency of confirmed diagnosis of pulmonary TB using IS (19.9 percent) was lower than that previously reported in controlled trials. Cavitation and miliary infiltrate increase the diagnostic probability of pulmonary TB using IS. The use of bronchoscopy when IS tests negative for AFB significantly increases sensitivity in the diagnosis of pulmonary TB.
RESUMO

OBJETIVO:

Verificar a sensibilidade diagnóstica da análise bacteriológica do escarro induzido (EI) para o diagnóstico de tuberculose (TB) pulmonar e identificar as variáveis clínicas associadas com o diagnóstico confirmado. Além disso, avaliar o rendimento diagnóstico da broncoscopia realizada se a pesquisa de BAAR for negativa no EI.

MÉTODOS:

Estudo transversal e retrospectivo de pacientes com suspeita de TB pulmonar ativa, encaminhados ao serviço para a indução de escarro. Foram revisados consecutivamente os registros laboratoriais de todos os pacientes submetidos à indução de escarro entre junho de 2003 e janeiro de 2006, assim como o prontuário eletrônico de cada caso. Também foram revisados os resultados bacteriológicos das amostras broncoscópicas coletadas dos pacientes cujos resultados de BAAR em EI foram negativos.

RESULTADOS:

Dos 417 pacientes estudados, 83 (19,9 por cento) tiveram resultados positivos (BAAR e/ou cultura) no EI. Na análise de regressão logística, os achados radiológicos de cavitação pulmonar (OR = 3,8; IC95 por cento 1,9-7,6) e de infiltrado de padrão miliar (OR = 3,7; IC95 por cento 1,6-8,6) associaram-se mais significativamente com o diagnóstico de TB pulmonar. A broncoscopia foi realizada, após resultado de BAAR negativo no EI, em 134 pacientes e acrescentou 25 (64,1 por cento) diagnósticos confirmados de TB pulmonar.

CONCLUSÕES:

Na prática clínica, a frequência de diagnósticos confirmados de TB pulmonar por EI (19,9 por cento) foi menor do que aquela previamente relatada em ensaios controlados. Cavitação e infiltrado miliar aumentam a probabilidade diagnóstica de TB pulmonar no EI. O uso de broncoscopia quando EI é negativo para BAAR melhora significativamente a sensibilidade para o diagnóstico de TB.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Sputum / Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Mycobacterium tuberculosis Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: J. bras. pneumol Journal subject: Pulmonary Disease (Specialty) Year: 2009 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul/BR / Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Sputum / Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Mycobacterium tuberculosis Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: J. bras. pneumol Journal subject: Pulmonary Disease (Specialty) Year: 2009 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul/BR / Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre/BR