Comportamentos de risco à saúde em escolares da tríplice fronteira / Risk behaviors related to health in adoloescents from the tri-border region

RESUMO

O objetivo do estudo foi descrever e comparar os principais comportamentos de risco à saúde em escolares de três nacionalidades. Participaram do estudo 1.189 escolares de 15 a 18 anos, matriculados nas escolas públicas das três cidades. O questionário Global School-Based Student Health Survey foi aplicado para avaliar o nível de atividade física, tempo gasto diante da televisão, consumo de cigarros e álcool. Os dados foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva, do teste qui-quadrado e da análise de regressão logística multinomial. A prevalência de escolares insuficientemente ativos foi elevada, 83,4%, sendo os brasileiros menos ativos. As moças foram menos ativas que os rapazes (p = 0,001). A maior prevalência de tempo gasto diante da televisão foi observada entre os escolares brasileiros, 82,8%, com associação significativa entre o tempo gasto diante da televisão e as nacionalidades (p = 0,02). A prevalência de consumo de cigarros foi de 6,5% e o maior consumo foi referido pelos escolares argentinos 11,3%, com associação significativa entre consumo de cigarros e as nacionalidades (p = 0,01). A prevalência de consumo de álcool foi de 56,6% e o maior consumo foi observado entre os argentinos 61,7%. De um modo geral, observou-se elevada prevalência de escolares insuficientemente ativos e que assistem à televisão mais que duas horas/ dia. Com relação ao consumo de cigarro e de álcool, as maiores prevalências foram observadas nos escolares argentinos.

ABSTRACT

The objective of this research was to describe and compare the main behaviors which are risk to the health in students from three nationalities. The people who made part of this research were 1.189 students with 15 to 18 years old, enrolled in public schools of three cities. The questionnaire 'Global School-Based Student Health Survey' was used to assess the physical activity level, the time in front of television, cigarettes and alcohol consumption. Datas were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of students insufficiently active was 83.4% and the Brazilians were the least active. The girls were less active than boys (p = 0.001). The higher prevalence of time in front of television was observed between the Brazilian students, 82.8%, with a significant association between time in watching to the television and nationalities (p = 0.02). The prevalence of cigarettes consumption was 6.5% and the highest consumption was reported by Argentine students 11.3%, with significant association between cigarettes consumption and nationalities (p = 0.01). The prevalence of alcohol consumption was 56.6% and the highest consumption was observed among Argentines 61.7%. In general, there was high prevalence of insufficiently active students and who watch to the television more than two hours / day. Regarding the cigarettes and alcohol consumption, the highest prevalence was observed in Argentine students.