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Tratamiento en pacientes diabéticos: oportunidades y barreras, estudio de caso en Cartagena de indias, Colombia, 2006 / Treatment In Diabetic Patients: Opportunities And Barriers, A Case Study In Cartagena, Colombia, 2006
Alayon, Alicia; Mosquera, Mario.
  • Alayon, Alicia; s.af
  • Mosquera, Mario; s.af
Rev. Univ. Ind. Santander, Salud ; 40(2): 92-100, abr.-ago. 2008. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-540068
RESUMEN

Introducción:

Adherencia al tratamiento es el proceso activo de adopción de cambios comportamentales para el autocuidado en enfermedades crónicas como la diabetes mellitus.

Objetivo:

conocer los niveles de adherencia auto reportada y los factores que la condicionan, interpretadas desde un enfoque biopsicosocial, a efectos de proponer estrategias culturalmente adaptadas que permitan el mejoramiento a los programas educativos que se imparten en la institución. Materiales y

métodos:

Estudio con enfoque cuantitativo descriptivo con aplicación de entrevistas en 131 pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 mayores de 30 años en Cartagena de Indias, Colombia-2006. El análisis de la información se realizó en un programa estadístico informático denominado Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 13.

Resultados:

En una escala de 0 a 7, el puntaje de adherencia auto-reportada general fue de 4,61, siendo mayor para no tabaquismo (6,64) y farmacoterapia (6,22) y menor para automonitoreo (0,44) y ejercicio (3,40). Existen barreras económicas, rechazo a insulina y percepción de dificultades para dieta y ejercicios. Se evidenció apoyo de familiares y personal sanitario.

Conclusiones:

es necesario incrementar la adherencia al tratamiento, trabajando especialmente los elementos aceptación de la enfermedad y autoeficacia en el grupo menos adherente, y facilitando accesibilidad a dieta y a ejercicio físico.
ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Adherence to treatment is an active process of making changes to behavioral in chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to determine levels of self-reported adherence and the factors that condition, interpreted from a biopsychosocial approach, in order to propose strategies culturally suited to improving the educational programs that are taught in the institution. Materials and

methods:

research quantitative descriptive with applying survey questionnaire in 131 diabetic patients type 2, elders than 30 years old, in a private Health Insurer, in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia 2006. The data analysis was conducted in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 13.

Results:

From 0 to 7 scale, the score of the general self-reported adherence was 4,61. The biggest for not smoking (6,64) and pharmacotherapy (6,22) and lowest for self-monitoring (0,44) and physical activity (3,40). Economic barriers, rejection to insulin and perception of difficulties for diet and exercises were found. Perceived support from family and health personnel was evidenced.

Conclusions:

it is necessary to implement programs that increase the adherence to the treatment, improving especially the topics acceptance of the disease and self-efficacy in the less adherent group, particularly by facilitating access to diet and physical activity.
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Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Health Education / Diabetes Mellitus Country/Region as subject: South America / Colombia Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. Univ. Ind. Santander, Salud Journal subject: Medicine / Public Health Year: 2008 Type: Article

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Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Health Education / Diabetes Mellitus Country/Region as subject: South America / Colombia Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. Univ. Ind. Santander, Salud Journal subject: Medicine / Public Health Year: 2008 Type: Article