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Executive dysfunction screening and intelectual coefficient measurement in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder / Tamizaje de la disfunción ejecutiva y medición del coeficiente intelectual en niños con trastorno por déficit de atención-hiperactividad
Zambrano-Sánchez, Elizabeth; Martínez-Cortés, José A; Rió-Carlos, Yolanda del; Martínez-Wbaldo, Maria del Consuelo; Poblano, Adrián.
  • Zambrano-Sánchez, Elizabeth; National Institute of Rehabilitation. Laboratory of Cognitive Neurophysiology. Mexico City. MX
  • Martínez-Cortés, José A; National Institute of Rehabilitation. Department of Neurological Rehabilitation. Mexico City. MX
  • Rió-Carlos, Yolanda del; National Institute of Rehabilitation. Department of Integral Rehabilitation. Mexico City. MX
  • Martínez-Wbaldo, Maria del Consuelo; National Institute of Rehabilitation. Department of Epidemiology. Mexico City. MX
  • Poblano, Adrián; National Institute of Rehabilitation. Laboratory of Cognitive Neurophysiology. Mexico City. MX
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 68(4): 545-549, Aug. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-555232
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To perform a complete Intelligence quotient (IQ) measurement (verbal, performance, and total) and subsequently, to compare executive function (EF) measurements in subgroups of children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with a control group. METHOD: We studied a group of children from 7-12 years of age from public elementary schools. Children were selected by means of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV-Revised (DSM-IV-R) parent and teacher questionnaires for ADHD. EFs were screened by Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R) performance intelligence quotient (IQ) determination of the following sub-tests: picture completion; block designs, and object assembly tests. Simultaneously, total (T-), performance (P-), and verbal (V-) IQs were measured for each patient. RESULTS: We studied 26 control subjects, and 35 children with ADHD. Numbers of children in each ADHD sub-type group were as follows: 15 in the combined group (-C), 13 in the inattentive group (-I), and 7 in hyperactivity group (-H). We found significant lower EF scores in picture arrangement (F=3.76, df 3,57, p=0.01), block design (F=4.55, df 3,57, p<0.01), and object assembly (F=4.52, df 3,57, p<0.01). Post-hoc analysis showed that differences were located among ADHD-C, ADHD-I, and ADHD-H groups when compared with controls. We found significantly lower cognitive scores in the ADHD-I group as follows: P-IQ (F=3.57, df 3,57, p=0.02), and T-IQ (F=2.90, df 3,57, p=0.04). CONCLUSION: Our results showed that screening of EF alteration in children with ADHD is easy and rapid by means of certain P-IQ determination sub-scales of the WISC test; moreover, complementary IQ determination can be measured simultaneously. Overall, children with ADHD exhibited an EF alteration. ADHD-I children demonstrated lower P-IQ, and T-IQ scores than control children.
RESUMEN
OBJETIVO: Realizar una medición global de cociente intelectual (CI) (verbal, ejecutivo y total) y comparar las funciones ejecutivas (FE) en los subgrupos de niños con trastorno por déficit de atención-hiperactividad (TDAH) con un grupo control. MÉTODO: Se estudiaron niños de 7-12 años, provenientes de escuelas oficiales primarias. Se les aplicó el cuestionario de criterios diagnósticos de TDAH del DSM-IV-R para padres y maestros. Las FE se tamizaron mediante las sub-escalas de: ordenación de dibujos, diseño con cubos y composición de objetos del WISC-R. En forma paralela se midieron los CI Verbal (-V), Ejecutivo (-E), Total (-T) de cada paciente. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 26 niños control y 35 con TDAH. La distribución de niños con TDAH en los diferentes subtipos clínicos fue la siguiente: 15 niños con TDAH combinado (-C), 13 con inatención (-I) y 7 con hiperactividad-impulsividad (-H). Se encontraron calificaciones menores en las sub-escalas de: ordenación de dibujos (F=3,76, gl 3,57, p=0,01), diseño con cubos (F=4,55, gl 3,57, p<0,01) y en la composición de objetos (F=4,52, gl 3,57, p<0,01). El análisis post-hoc mostró que las diferencias se produjeron entre los grupos de TDAH-I, TDAH-H y TDAH-C en relación al de control. Encontramos calificaciones menores en el CI del grupo de TDAH-I en la siguiente forma: CI-E (F=3,57, gl 3,57, p=0,02) y CI-T (F=2,90, gl 3,57 p=0,04). CONCLUSIÓN: Nuestros resultados muestran que las alteraciones de las FE pueden ser fácilmente tamizadas por WISC-R, además de medir simultáneamente el CI. Se encontró que los niños con TDAH de los 3 tipos muestran una disfunción de las FE. También se encontró que los niños con TDAH-I muestran menores puntajes del CI-E y CI-T que los controles.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Cognition Disorders / Executive Function Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Practice guideline / Observational study / Prevalence study / Qualitative research / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Child / Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: Arq. neuropsiquiatr Journal subject: Neurology / Psychiatry Year: 2010 Type: Article Affiliation country: Mexico Institution/Affiliation country: National Institute of Rehabilitation/MX

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Cognition Disorders / Executive Function Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Practice guideline / Observational study / Prevalence study / Qualitative research / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Child / Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: Arq. neuropsiquiatr Journal subject: Neurology / Psychiatry Year: 2010 Type: Article Affiliation country: Mexico Institution/Affiliation country: National Institute of Rehabilitation/MX