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Mutagenicity of two species of the genus Alchornea measured by Salmonella microsome assay and micronucleus test / Mutagenicidade de duas espécies do gênero Alchornea avaliadas através de ensaios com Salmonella microssomo e teste do micronúcleo
Santos, Fabio V. dos; Calvo, Tamara R; Cólus, Ilce Mara S; Vilegas, Wagner; Varanda, Eliana A.
  • Santos, Fabio V. dos; São Paulo State University. Department of Biological Sciences. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Araraquara. BR
  • Calvo, Tamara R; São Paulo State University. Chemistry Institute. Organic Chemistry Department. Araraquara. BR
  • Cólus, Ilce Mara S; Londrina State University. Biological Sciences Center. Department of General Biology. Londrina. BR
  • Vilegas, Wagner; São Paulo State University. Chemistry Institute. Organic Chemistry Department. Araraquara. BR
  • Varanda, Eliana A; São Paulo State University. Department of Biological Sciences. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Araraquara. BR
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 20(3): 382-389, jun.-jul. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-555919
ABSTRACT
Some species of the plant genus Alchornea (family Euphorbiaceae) are widely used in popular medicine, mainly in South America and in Africa. Several kinds of biological activity have been seen in the species antioxidant, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, cytotoxic against tumor cell lines and inhibitory to the replication of HIV-1 and HIV-2. In Brazil, the species Alchornea castaneaefolia Willd. A. Juss. and Alchornea glandulosa Poepp. & Endl. are used by the local population to treat rheumatism, arthritis and muscular pains. In view of the popular use of these plants as medicines and the potential risks from their consumption, we assessed the mutagenic potential of chloroform and methanol extracts of the leaves of these plant species, employing the in vivo micronucleus test and the Ames assay. The data obtained showed that the chloroform extracts were not mutagenic. The methanol extract of A. castaneaefolia was mutagenic to strain TA98 of Salmonella typhimurium and the methanol extract of A. glandulosa to strains TA98 and TA97a. The methanol extracts of both species of Alchornea were mutagenic in vivo at the largest dose employed. The probable mutagenic agents involved were the aglycone quercetin and amentoflavone, present in both species.
RESUMO
Algumas espécies de plantas do gênero Alchornea (Euphorbiaceae) são conhecidas por apresentarem as atividades biológicas antioxidante, antifúngica, antiinflamatória, antibacteriana, citotóxica para células tumorais e inibidoras da replicação dos vírus HIV-1 e HIV-2. São também amplamente usadas na medicina popular na America do Sul e África. No Brasil, Alchornea castaneaefolia Willd. A. Juss. e Alchornea glandulosa Poepp. & Endl. são usadas para tratamento do reumatismo, artrite e dores musculares. Devido ao uso medicinal dessas plantas e o potencial risco do seu consumo indiscriminado, no presente trabalho foi avaliada a atividade mutagênica dos extratos metanólico e clorofórmico das folhas, empregando o teste do micronúcleo in vivo e o teste de Ames. Os resultados mostraram que o extrato clorofórmico não apresentou mutagenicidade, porém, o extrato metanólico de A. castaneaefolia foi mutagênico para a linhagem TA98 de Salmonella typhimurium e o extrato metanólico de A. glandulosa para as linhagens TA98 e TA97a. O extrato metanólico de ambas as espécies também apresentaram mutagenicidade positiva nos ensaios in vivo na maior concentração usada. Os prováveis agentes mutagênicos envolvidos foram a quercetina aglicona e amentoflavona presentes em ambas as espécies.

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Language: English Journal: Rev. bras. farmacogn Journal subject: Pharmacy Year: 2010 Type: Article / Project document Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Londrina State University/BR / São Paulo State University/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Language: English Journal: Rev. bras. farmacogn Journal subject: Pharmacy Year: 2010 Type: Article / Project document Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Londrina State University/BR / São Paulo State University/BR