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Cytokine expression in the duodenal mucosa of patients with visceral leishmaniasis / Expressão de citocinas na mucosa duodenal de pacientes com leishmaniose visceral
Luz, Kleber Giovanni; Tuon, Felipe Francisco; Duarte, Maria Irma Seixas; Maia, Guilherme Mariz; Matos, Paulo; Ramos, Ana Maria de Oliveira; Nicodemo, Antônio Carlos.
  • Luz, Kleber Giovanni; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Department of Infectious Diseases. Natal. BR
  • Tuon, Felipe Francisco; University of São Paulo. Medical School. Department of Infectious Diseases. São Paulo. BR
  • Duarte, Maria Irma Seixas; University of São Paulo. School of Medicine. Pathology Department. Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Pathology. São Paulo. BR
  • Maia, Guilherme Mariz; Hospital Infantil Varela Santiago. Natal. BR
  • Matos, Paulo; Hospital Infantil Varela Santiago. Medical Laboratory of Pathology Getúlio Sales. Natal. BR
  • Ramos, Ana Maria de Oliveira; , Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Hospital of Pediatrics. Natal. BR
  • Nicodemo, Antônio Carlos; University of São Paulo. Medical School. Department of Infectious Diseases. São Paulo. BR
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 43(4): 393-395, jul.-ago. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-556003
ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION:

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected tropical disease with a complex immune response in different organs. This pattern of organ-specific immune response has never been evaluated in the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to determine the in situ immune response in duodenal biopsies on patients with VL.

METHODS:

A case-control study was conducted on 13 patients with VL in comparison with nine controls. The immune response was evaluated using immunohistochemistry, for CD4, CD8, CD68, IL-4, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-10. Histological findings from the villi, crypts and inflammatory process were analyzed.

RESULTS:

All the cases of VL presented Leishmania antigens. No antigen was detected in the control group. The villus size was greater in the VL patients (p < 0.05). CD68 (macrophages) and CD4 levels were higher in the VL patients (p < 0.05). No differences in the expression of CD8, TNF-α, IL-10 or IL-4 were demonstrated. The number of cells expressing IFN-γ was lower in the VL patients (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:

Low levels of cytokines were found in the gastrointestinal tract of patients with VL. This pattern was not found in other organs affected by the disease. Immunotolerance of this tissue against Leishmania could explain these findings, as occurs with intestinal bacteria.
RESUMO

INTRODUÇÃO:

Leishmaniose visceral (LV) é uma doença tropical negligenciada com uma resposta imune complexa em diferentes órgãos. Este padrão de resposta imune órgão-específica nunca foi avaliada no trato gastrointestinal. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a resposta imune in situ em biópsias duodenais de pacientes com LV.

MÉTODOS:

Um estudo de caso controle com 13 pacientes com LV foi comparado com 9 controles. A resposta imune foi avaliada por imunohistoquímica para CD4, CD8, CD68, IL-4, IFN-γ, TNF-α e IL-10. Achados histológicos nos vilos, criptas e processo inflamatório foram analisados.

RESULTADOS:

Todos os casos de LV apresentaram antígenos de Leishmania. Nenhum antígeno foi encontrado no grupo controle. O tamanho do vilo foi maior em pacientes com LV (p < 0,05). CD68 (macrófagos) e CD4 estavam aumentados em pacientes com LV (p < 0,05). Nenhuma diferença foi demonstrada na expressão de CD8, TNF-α, IL-10 e IL-4. O número de células expressando IFN-γ foi mais baixo que no grupo controle (p < 0,05).

CONCLUSÕES:

Baixos níveis de citocinas foram encontrados no trato gastrointestinal de pacientes com LV. Este padrão não foi encontrado em outros órgãos acometidos pela doença. Uma imunotolerância do tecido contra Leishmania poderia explicar estes achados, como ocorre com as bactérias entéricas.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: T-Lymphocytes / Cytokines / Duodenum / Intestinal Mucosa / Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Macrophages Type of study: Observational study Limits: Child / Child, preschool / Humans / Infant Language: English Journal: Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop Journal subject: Tropical Medicine Year: 2010 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: , Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte/BR / Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte/BR / Hospital Infantil Varela Santiago/BR / University of São Paulo/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: T-Lymphocytes / Cytokines / Duodenum / Intestinal Mucosa / Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Macrophages Type of study: Observational study Limits: Child / Child, preschool / Humans / Infant Language: English Journal: Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop Journal subject: Tropical Medicine Year: 2010 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: , Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte/BR / Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte/BR / Hospital Infantil Varela Santiago/BR / University of São Paulo/BR