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Política de medicamentos en Estados Unidos de América / Drug policy in United States of America
Stahl, Edmundo G.
  • Stahl, Edmundo G; LatAmScience. US
Rev. peru. med. exp. salud publica ; 26(4): 537-543, oct.-dic. 2009. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-564546
RESUMEN
La política de medicamentos de los Estados Unidos de América (EEUU) es inconsistente, regula el desarrollo,producción, comercialización y seguridad de los medicamentos en el país, por medio de mecanismos legales así como de instituciones privadas y gubernamentales. Las leyes de patente protegen a la industria farmacéutica y noexiste un mecanismo directo de control de precios ni una política que dé cobertura de acceso a los medicamentosa toda la población de EEUU. La Agencia Federal de Medicamentos y Alimentos (FDA) es el organismo que regulalos medicamentos en EEUU. Varias leyes han sido promulgadas para incrementar el control de calidad, seguridad yasegurar la eficacia de los medicamentos, tales como, la ley de honorarios por la prescripción de drogas al usuario (PDUFA) y la ley de modernización de la FDA (FDAMA). Asimismo, para aumentar el acceso de los pacientes a los medicamentos (Fast track; Orphan Drug Act; Pediatric exclusivity). Por su parte, la ley Hatch-Waxman, ha cumplido una función muy importante al estimular el desarrollo de medicamentos genéricos con mucho éxito y controlar precios en el mercado libre. Finalmente, el sistema de seguro de salud es voluntario y también inconsistente, ofrece varios planesque abarcan desde la obtención personal del seguro por el propio individuo, los seguros auspiciados por el empleador yterminan con varios seguros gubernamentales. Todos estos pueden, o no, contener un subsidio de medicamentos.
ABSTRACT
The USA federal prescription drug policies are inconsistent. The federal government regulates the development,production, marketing and safety of prescription drugs in the country through various legal mechanisms as well as private and governmental institutions. Patent laws also play an important role in this process protecting the pharmaceutical industry. The government has no direct mechanism to control prices of prescription drugs nor does it have a policy to cover the whole US population with a prescription drug benefit. The FDA is the agency charged with regulation of medicines. Various laws have been enacted over the years to improve quality control, safety and ensure efficacy of prescription drugs as Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) and Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act (FDAMA), as well as increase patient access to prescription drugs (Fast Track; Orphan Drug Act, Pediatric exclusivity). The Hatch-Waxman Act, named for its authors, has played an important role in the development of generic drugs withmuch success and a significant effect on drug prices. The insurance health system is voluntary and also inconsistentoffering various forms of insurance that range from the individual applying for insurance personally, through employerfinanced health insurance, to government run health insurance systems. All health insurance may or may not have a prescription drug benefit.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Drug and Narcotic Control / Drug Evaluation / Pharmaceutical Trade / National Drug Policy / Legislation, Drug Country/Region as subject: North America Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. peru. med. exp. salud publica Year: 2009 Type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: LatAmScience/US

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Drug and Narcotic Control / Drug Evaluation / Pharmaceutical Trade / National Drug Policy / Legislation, Drug Country/Region as subject: North America Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. peru. med. exp. salud publica Year: 2009 Type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: LatAmScience/US