Avaliação das Condições de Saúde Bucal de Escolares Deficientes Auditivos no Município de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil / Evaluation of the oral health conditions of deaf schoolchildren in the city of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

RESUMO

Objetivo: Avaliar a saude bucal de criancas ouvintes e surdas e verificar a associacao das condicoes observadas a fatores socio comportamentais. Metodo: Foram avaliadas 245 criancas pertencentes a duas escolas, sendo 50 deficientes auditivos. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de exame clinico visual para a realizacao do CPOD/ceod. Todos os dados foram anotados em uma ficha clinica padronizada. A escola enviou aos responsaveis um questionario solicitando dados socio-economicos e informacoes a respeito de habitos de saude bucal. Dois examinadores treinados e calibrados efetuaram a coleta dos dados clinicos nas dependencias das escolas e sob controle de biosseguranca. As informacoes foram inseridas em um banco de dados e estes analisados no SPSS. Foi utilizado o teste Qui-quadrado para tendencia linear (nivel de significancia p<0,05), Mann Withney e Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: A prevalencia de carie entre individuos surdos foi de 46% e entre nao-surdos 31%, diferindo com significancia estatistica. Nao houve diferenca quanto ao genero e idade, sendo que 81% ja haviam visitado um cirurgiao-dentista. Escolaridade materna (p<0,004) e quem realizava a pratica de higiene bucal (p<0,002) estiveram associadas ao desfecho. Conclusao: Os individuos surdos apresentaram uma maior prevalencia de carie e fatores como escolaridade materna e quem realiza a pratica de higiene bucal na crianca estiveram associados ao agravo.

ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate, by means of a cross-sectional study, the oral health of hearing and deaf children in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Method: The sample was composed of 245 children (195 hearers and 50 deaf). Data collection comprehended physical and clinical examinations (dmf-t and DMF-T) and a questionnaire filled out by the caregivers. Clinical data were collected by two trained and calibrated undergraduated students. A schools room was used for the examinations and biosafety were attended. Data were analyzed using the SPSS soft ware. The chi-square to assess the linear tendency (p<0.05), Mann Withney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used. Results: Caries prevalence among the deaf and non-deaf individuals was 46% and 31%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference with respect to gender and age, and 81% of the children had already been to the dentist. The variables maternal educational level (p=0.004) and who performs the child's oral hygiene (p=0.002) were associated with the prevalence observed. Conclusion: The deaf individuals showed a higher caries prevalence; factors associated with maternal educational level and who performs the child's oral hygiene were associated with this increased prevalence.