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Determinantes da experimentação do cigarro e do início precoce do tabagismo entre adolescentes escolares em Salvador (BA) / Determinants of smoking experimentation and initiation among adolescent students in the city of Salvador, Brazil
Machado Neto, Adelmo de Souza; Andrade, Tarcisio Matos; Napoli, Carlos; Abdon, Lilian Carine Souza de Lima; Garcia, Mônica Rocha; Bastos, Francisco Inácio.
  • Machado Neto, Adelmo de Souza; s.af
  • Andrade, Tarcisio Matos; s.af
  • Napoli, Carlos; s.af
  • Abdon, Lilian Carine Souza de Lima; s.af
  • Garcia, Mônica Rocha; s.af
  • Bastos, Francisco Inácio; s.af
J. bras. pneumol ; 36(6): 674-682, nov.-dez. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-570641
RESUMO
OBJETIVO: Identificar os fatores associados à experimentação do cigarro e ao início precoce do tabagismo por adolescentes escolares (11-14 anos). MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal de base populacional com adolescentes escolares (ensino fundamental e médio) de escolas públicas e particulares de Salvador, Bahia. Foi utilizado um protocolo de amostragem em múltiplos estágios. Os participantes da pesquisa responderam a um questionário anônimo, de preenchimento voluntário e autoaplicável. As variáveis dependentes foram o uso experimental do cigarro e o início precoce do tabagismo. Variáveis sociodemográficas, educacionais, relacionadas à influência da mídia e ao consumo de álcool foram consideradas variáveis independentes. Foi realizada a análise de regressão logística multivariada, seguida da análise da adequação do modelo de regressão logística final. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de experimentação do cigarro foi de 16,1 por cento (IC95 por cento: 15,1-17,2). Dos 5.347 alunos avaliados, 757 experimentaram cigarros, e 462 (61,2 por cento) desses 757 o fizeram antes dos 15 anos de idade (média de idade de experimentação de cigarros, 13,9 ± 1,8 anos). O início precoce do tabagismo associou-se com o tabagismo paterno (OR = 1,53; IC83 por cento: 1,07-2,19) e com a influência da mídia (OR = 2,43; IC83 por cento: 1,46-4,04). A experimentação de cigarros associou-se com o consumo do álcool (OR = 6,04; IC83 por cento: 4,62-7,88), o tabagismo de amigos (OR = 3,18; IC83 por cento: 2,54-3,99) e de namorados (OR = 3,42; IC83 por cento: 1,78-6,56), assim como a intervenção educacional agressiva/coercitiva dos pais (OR = 1,60; IC83 por cento: 1,26-2,04). CONCLUSÕES: O consumo do álcool e a influência de pessoas da convivência do jovem apresentaram uma forte associação com a experimentação de cigarros. O tabagismo paterno e a influência da mídia para os produtos do tabaco aumentaram as chances de consumo desta substância.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To identify the factors associated with smoking experimentation and initiation among adolescent students (11-14 years of age). METHODS: A cross-sectional, population-based study involving adolescent (middle and high school) students at public and private schools in the city of Salvador, Brazil. A multiple-stage sampling protocol was used. The participants completed an anonymous, voluntary, self-report questionnaire. The dependent variables were age at smoking experimentation and smoking initiation. Sociodemographic and educational variables, as well as those related to media influence and alcohol consumption, were considered independent variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed, followed by analysis of the fit of the final logistic regression model. RESULTS: The prevalence of smoking experimentation was 16.1 percent (95 percent CI: 15.1-17.2). Of the 5,347 students evaluated, 757 had experimented with cigarettes, and 462 (61.2 percent) of those 757 had done so before the age of 15 (mean age at smoking experimentation, 13.9 ± 1.8 years). Smoking initiation was associated with paternal smoking (OR = 1.53; 83 percent CI = 1.07-2.19) and with media influence (OR = 2.43; 83 percent CI: 1.46-4.04). Smoking experimentation was associated with alcohol consumption (OR = 6.04; 83 percent CI: 4.62-7.88), having friends who smoke (OR = 3.18; 83 percent CI: 2.54-3.99), having a boyfriend/girlfriend who smokes (OR = 3.42; 83 percent CI: 1.78-6.56), and coercive/aggressive educational interventions by the parents (OR = 1.60; 83 percent CI: 1.26-2.04). CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol consumption and the influence of peers and relatives who smoke showed a strong association with smoking experimentation. Paternal smoking and media influence were found to increase the chances of adolescent smoking.
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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Students / Alcohol Drinking / Smoking / Father-Child Relations / Mass Media Type of study: Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Qualitative research / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Child / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: Portuguese Journal: J. bras. pneumol Journal subject: Pulmonary Disease (Specialty) Year: 2010 Type: Article

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Students / Alcohol Drinking / Smoking / Father-Child Relations / Mass Media Type of study: Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Qualitative research / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Child / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: Portuguese Journal: J. bras. pneumol Journal subject: Pulmonary Disease (Specialty) Year: 2010 Type: Article