Clinical study of the oral manifestations and related factors in type 2 diabetics patients / Estudo clínico das manifestações orais e fatores relacionados em pacientes diabéticos tipo 2

ABSTRACT

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is reported with and associated to oral alterations, with conflicting results. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of oral soft tissue alterations in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Socioeconomic variables, gender, heredity, capillary glucose control and local factors (prosthesis, dry mouth sensation) were analyzed in 196 diabetic and non-diabetic patients enrolled in HIPERDIA, at 41 Health units of Natal, Brazil. STUDY DESIGN: A case study. RESULTS: The last blood glucose mean was 177.0 mg/dl for diabetics and 89.46 mg/dl for non-diabetics. Mean capillary blood glucose was elevated in diabetics (215.95 mg/dl); it was 102.31 mg/dl in non-diabetics. The family history confirmed the heredity nature of the disease in 68.8 percent of diabetic patients (n = 66) (p < 0.001); salivary flow was 49 percent (n = 47) in diabetics, and 34 percent (n = 34) in non-diabetics. Candidiasis was present in 30.5 percent of diabetic patients (n=29) and 36 percent of non-diabetics (n=36). Both groups had lesions in the palate - 81.4 percent (n = 35) in diabetics, and 71.1 percent in non-diabetics (n = 27) (p = 0.68). CONCLUSION: The alterations are not related to diabetes and are present independently of having or not type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.