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Avaliação imunohistoquímica das alterações do citoesqueleto na parede alveolar em modelo experimental de lesão pulmonar induzida pela ventilação mecânica em ratos / Immunohistochemical evaluation of the cytoskeletal alterations in the alveolar wall in an experimental model of ventilator-induced lung injury in rats
São Paulo; s.n; 2009. [76] p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-587421
RESUMO

INTRODUÇÃO:

A ventilação mecânica é uma terapia importante, mas com possíveis complicações. Uma das mais relevantes é a lesão pulmonar induzida pelo ventilador (VILI do inglês Ventilator-induced lung injury). Devido à hiperdistensão alveolar, o pulmão inicia um processo inflamatório, com infiltrado neutrofílico, formação de membrana hialina, fibrogênese e prejuízo de troca gasosa. Nesse processo, a mecanotransdução do estímulo da hiperdistensão celular se faz através do citoesqueleto da célula e de suas interações com a matriz extracelular e com as células vizinhas. Apesar desse papel fundamental no processo da VILI, não existem estudos in vivo sobre as alterações do citoesqueleto e de suas proteínas associadas durante esse processo patológico. O objetivo desse estudo foi descrever as alterações no citoesqueleto e em duas de suas principais proteínas associadas (FAK e paxilina) durante esse processo.

MÉTODOS:

Nesse estudo experimental foram feitos três grupos (n = 4 6) um controle e dois ventilados por quatro horas com PEEP de 5 cmH2O. Um grupo foi ventilado com volume corrente de 8 ml/kg (BV) e o outro com 24 ml/kg (AV). Dados de mecânica respiratória foram calculados no início e no final do período experimental. Os pulmões foram avaliados por histomorfometria quanto à área proporcional de parênquima, índice de infiltrado neutrofílico e índice de edema perivascular, quanto à quantidade de fosfo-FAK, fosfo-paxilina, paxilina total, actina músculo liso e alfa-tubulina por Western Blot, quanto à imunofluorescência para paxilina total com microscopia confocal a laser e com microscopia eletrônica de transmissão.

RESULTADOS:

os grupos foram semelhantes nas características basais. Houve aumento da elastância dinâmica (Edin) no grupo BV e redução no grupo AV (Edin inicial e final 0,76 ± 0,4 vs 1,02 ± 0,47 respectivamente, em cmH2O/ml; p = 0,001)...
ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION:

Mechanical ventilation is an important therapy, but is associated with complications. One of the most relevant is ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Due to alveolar hyperdistension, the lung initiates an inflammatory process, with neutrophilic infiltration, hyaline membrane formation, fibrogenesis and gas exchange impairment. In this process, cellular mechanotransduction of the overstretching stimulus is mediated through the cytoskeleton and its cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. But, although the cytoskeleton has this important role in the pathogenesis of VILI, there are no in vivo models for the research of cytoskeletal and cytoskeleton-associated proteins modifications during this pathological process. Our objective was to describe the immunohistochemical modifications during this process on the cytoskeleton and on two of its associated proteins (FAK and paxillin).

METHODS:

in this experimental study, three groups (n = 4 6) were studied a control group and two ventilated for four hours with PEEP of 5 cmH2O. One group was ventilated with tidal volume of 8 mL/kg (LV) and the other with 24 mL/kg (HV). Data of respiratory mechanics were obtained at the beginning and the end of the experimental period. The lungs were evaluated with histomorphometry for parenchymal proportional area, neutrophilic infiltrate and perivascular edema, with Western Blot for phospho-FAK, phospho-paxillin, total paxillin, alpha-smooth muscle actin and alpha-tubulin, with confocal laser scanning microscopy for total paxillin, and with transmission electron microscopy.

RESULTS:

the groups were similar at the baseline. Dynamic elastance (Edin) increased in LV group and decreased in HV group (Edin initial to final 0.76 ± 0.4 vs. 1.02 ± 0.47 respectively, in cmH2O/ml; p = 0.001). There was no difference in the parenchymal proportional area or the perivascular edema in the three groups. Mechanical ventilation induced pulmonary neutrophilic infiltration, both in the LV group and the HV group in comparison with control (p < 0.001). The infiltrate was more important in the HV group than in the LV group (p = 0.003). Phospho-FAK increased 40% in the HV group in Western Blot in comparison with control (p=0.069). Phosphopaxillin increased significantly in HV group compared with control (p<0.001) and with LV (p<0.001). Total paxillin, alpha-smooth muscle actin and alpha-tubulin did not show any differences. Confocal microscopy showed total paxillin labeling at alveolar septa. Electron microscopy suggested cytoskeleton reorganization at the zonula adherens in the AV group.
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Rats / Respiration, Artificial / Cytoskeleton / Paxillin Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Animals Language: Portuguese Year: 2009 Type: Thesis

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Rats / Respiration, Artificial / Cytoskeleton / Paxillin Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Animals Language: Portuguese Year: 2009 Type: Thesis