Relación entre lípidos séricos y estado de las vitaminas C y E como antioxidantes en adultos mayores venezolanos / Relationship between serum lipids and status of vitamin C and E as antioxidants in venezuelan elderly people

RESUMEN

En el envejecimiento se observa tendencia a hiperlipidemias, cambios en la distribución de lipoproteínas y una declinación del sistema de defensa antioxidante del organismo. El objetivo de este estudio fue relacionar concentraciones séricas de colesterol total, fracciones, triglicéridos y Vitaminas C y E. Se evaluaron 61 adultos mayores de 60 años de edad, de enero-marzo, 2006. Se diagnosticó estado nutricional por IMC; se determinaron niveles séricos de triglicéridos (TG), colesterol total (CT) y fracciones (HDL-c y LDL-c), (método enzimático), Vitamina C (método colorimétrico) y Vitamina E (HPLC). Se utilizaron valores de ATPIII como referencia para riesgo de TG, CT, HDL, LDL-c; vitamina C > 0,9 mg/dL (normal), < 0,9mg/dL (déficit); vitamina E >1300 µg/dL (normal), =1300 µg/dL (déficit). Se calculó consumo dietario de vitaminas C y E por método de pesada directa tres días/semana. Según IMC, 19,7 por ciento presentó déficit nutricional, 39,3 por ciento sobrepeso y 11,5 por ciento obesidad. TG, CT, LDL-c en riesgo para el sexo femenino y HDL-c para ambos sexos. La prevalencia de riesgo para enfermedades cardiovasculares fue TG (45,2 por ciento), HDL-c (51,1 por ciento), LDL-c (52,5 por ciento), deficientes de vitamina C (9,8 por ciento) y E (90,2 por ciento). El consumo y niveles séricos de vitamina E en déficit en ambos sexos. No hubo asociación entre las variables. Correlación significativa y positiva entre TG, CT, LDL-c, vitamina E sérica e IMC. El grupo femenino presentó sobrepeso, hipertrigliceridemia e hipercolesterolemia, HDL-c y LDL-c en riesgo y el grupo total estado de vitamina E deficiente, importantes factores de riesgo para enfermedad cardiovascular en este grupo etario.

ABSTRACT

During aging there is a tendency towards hyperlipidemia and changes in the distribution of lipoproteins. A decline in the functioning of the body’s antioxidant defense system is also observed at this time. The objective of this study was to establish the relationship between serum concentrations of total cholesterol and fractions, triglycerides, and Vitamins C and E. 61 adults over 60 years of age were evaluated from January to March, 2006. Nutritional status was diagnosed by BMI (WHO); serum levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and fractions (HDL-c and LDL-c) were determined by enzyme method; Vitamin C (colorimetric method) and Vitamin E by HPLC. ATPIII values were used as a reference for risk of TG, TC, HDL, LDL-c, vitamin C> 0.9 mg/dL (normal), <0.9 mg/dL (deficit); vitamin E =1300 µg/dL (normal), 1300 = µg /dL (deficit). Consumption of vitamins C and E were estimated by the direct weighing method 3 days per week. According to BMI, 19.7 percent had nutritional deficit, 39.3 percent overweight, and 11.5 percent obesity. TG, TC, LDL-c levels were at risk in females, and HDL-c in both genders. Prevalence of risk for heart disease was TG (45.2 percent), HDL-c (51.1 percent), and LDL-c (52.5 percent). Consumption and serum levels of vitamin E were low in both genders. There was no association between variables. A significant and positive correlation between TG, TC, LDL-C, serum vitamin E, and BMI was observed. The female group showed overweight, hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia, HDL-c and LDL-c at risk, and vitamin E deficiency, all of which are important risk factors for cardiovascular disease in this age group.