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Alteraciones de la conducta alimentaria en lactantes chilenos, de acuerdo a estrato socioeconómico / Eating behavior disorders in Chilean infants, according to socioeconomic level
Sánchez, Susana; Castillo D, Carlos.
  • Sánchez, Susana; Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos. CL
  • Castillo D, Carlos; Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos. CL
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 58(4): 357-362, dic. 2008. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-588719
RESUMEN
Las alteraciones de la conducta alimentaria son frecuentes en niños; pero se conocen poco sus características en niños/as Latinoamericanos y sus diferencias por estrato socioeconómico (ESE). El objetivo fue caracterizar las alteraciones de la conducta alimentaria (ACA) en lactantes chilenos según ESE bajo (ESEB) o medio alto (ESEMA). Se estudiaron prospectivamente 67 niños/as(as) (4-24 m) de Santiago, Chile; el grupo estudio (GE) lo constituyeron 34 niños/as(as) consultando por signos de ACA, de los cuales 18 fueron de ESEB y 16 de ESEMA; el grupo control (GC) se constituyó por 33 niños/as(as) sin ACA, pareados por edad, sexo y ESE con el GE, (15 niños/as de ESEB y 18 de ESEMA). Se aplicó una encuesta semiestructurada a la madre o cuidador. Como resultados, el GE tuvo menor puntaje z peso/edad (z P/E) en ambos ESE (GE -0,9 ± 1,0; GC +0,5 ± 0,9; p=0,0001); en el ESEB fue menor la talla/edad (z T/E) del GE (GE -1,0 ± 1,0 vs GC -0,3 ± 0,8; p=0,01) y el peso de nacimiento (PN) (GE= 3,1 ± 0,5 kg; GC=3,6 ± 0,4 kg; p=0,001). En el ESEMA, en el GE hubo más niños/as con lactancia materna exclusiva (LME) 4m y las madres trabajaban más horas diarias que en el GC (7,6 ± 4,1 vs 5,4 ± 1,8 h/día; p=0,007). Como

conclusiones:

los lactantes con alteraciones de la conducta alimentaria tuvieron menor z P/E y z P/T (independiente del estrato socioeconómico). En el estrato socioeconómico bajo ellos presentaron menor peso de nacimiento y menor puntaje z T/E que los controles. En los estratos socioeconómicos medio-altos fueron más los niños/as con alteraciones de la conducta alimentaria que presentaban lactancia materna abreviada y sus madres trabajaban más horas fuera del hogar, que los controles
ABSTRACT
The eating behavior disorders in infants (EDI) are frequently diagnosed in children; however, information about their characteristics or differences by socioeconomic level (SL) in Chile and Latin America, are missing. The objective was to characterize the urban Chilean infants with EDI, according to socioeconomic level. Sixty seven children were studied (4-24 months of age). The study group (SG) was constituted by 34 children attending clinics because of EDI 18 belonged to low SL (LSL) and 16 to middle or high income groups (MHSL). Thirty three without EDI served as controls (CG), and were paired by age, gender and SL with SG (15 of them belonged to LSL and 18 to MHSL). A semi structured survey was applied to parents or caretakers. Children from LSL were studied at Primary Health Care Centers and those from MHSL at private clinics. The results showed the mean weight/age z-score (W/A) was lower in the SG especially in LSL (SG -0.9 ± 1.0; CG 0.5 ± 0.9; p=0.0001), the height/age z-score (z H/A) in SG was -1.0 ± 1.0 and in CG was -0.3 ± 0.8; p=0.01) and the birth weight was SG=3.1 ± 0.5 kg; CG=3.6 ± 0.4 kg; (p=0,001), were lower only for the SG of LSL. In the MHSL, exclusive breast feeding < 4m was more frequent in the SG than the CG and the mothers worked more hours daily outside of their homes (7,6 ± 4,1 vs 5,4 ± 1,8 h/d; p=0,007). As conclusions, the Chilean infants with eating behavior disorders had lower z W/A and lower z W/L than those with no EDI, independent of socioeconomic level. The infants of LSL with EDI also had lower z H/A and also lower birth weight than controls. In the medium-high socioeconomic level, those with eating disorders presented shorter breast feeding (< 4m) and their mothers worked more hours daily outside of their homes, than those without eating disorders
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Social Class / Weights and Measures / Weight by Height / School Feeding / Feeding Behavior Type of study: Prognostic study / Qualitative research Limits: Child / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Chile Language: Spanish Journal: Arch. latinoam. nutr Journal subject: Bioqu¡mica / Educa‡Æo Alimentar e Nutricional / Fen“menos Fisiol¢gicos da Nutri‡Æo / Microbiologia de Alimentos / NUTRICAO Year: 2008 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad de Chile/CL

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Social Class / Weights and Measures / Weight by Height / School Feeding / Feeding Behavior Type of study: Prognostic study / Qualitative research Limits: Child / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Chile Language: Spanish Journal: Arch. latinoam. nutr Journal subject: Bioqu¡mica / Educa‡Æo Alimentar e Nutricional / Fen“menos Fisiol¢gicos da Nutri‡Æo / Microbiologia de Alimentos / NUTRICAO Year: 2008 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad de Chile/CL