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Epidemiology and medical prediction of microbial keratitis in southeast Brazil / Epidemiologia e previsibilidade no diagnóstico clínico de ceratite microbiana no sudeste do Brasil
Ibrahim, Marlon Moraes; Vanini, Rafael; Ibrahim, Fuad Moraes; Martins, Wellington de Paula; Carvalho, Rodrigo Teixeira de Campos; Castro, Rosane Silvestre de; Rocha, Eduardo Melani.
  • Ibrahim, Marlon Moraes; USP. Ribeirão Preto Medical School. Department of Ophthalmology. Ribeirão Preto. BR
  • Vanini, Rafael; UNICAMP. State University of Campinas. Medical School. Department of Ophthalmology. Campinas. BR
  • Ibrahim, Fuad Moraes; USP. Ribeirão Preto Medical School. Department of Ophthalmology. Ribeirão Preto. BR
  • Martins, Wellington de Paula; São Paulo University. School of Medicine. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Ribeirão Preto. BR
  • Carvalho, Rodrigo Teixeira de Campos; USP. Ribeirão Preto Medical School. Department of Ophthalmology. Ribeirão Preto. BR
  • Castro, Rosane Silvestre de; UNICAMP. State University of Campinas. Medical School. Department of Ophthalmology. Campinas. BR
  • Rocha, Eduardo Melani; USP. Ribeirão Preto Medical School. Department of Ophthalmology. Ribeirão Preto. BR
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 74(1): 7-12, Jan.-Feb. 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-589930
ABSTRACT

PURPOSE:

The goals of the study were the following 1) to show the epidemiology of microbial keratitis (MK) in the southeast Brazil, 2) to compare the epidemiological differences between fungal (FK) and bacterial keratitis (BK), and 3) to evaluate the frequency which ophthalmologists accurately differentiate bacterial keratitis from fungal keratitis based on clinical diagnosis.

METHODS:

A retrospective chart analysis of all clinically diagnosed microbial keratitis patients presenting between October, 2003 and September, 2006 was performed. Demographic features, ocular and laboratory findings, and information regarding the risk factors and clinical evolution were recorded.

RESULTS:

Among 118 consecutive patients with a clinical diagnosis of microbial keratitis, the positive culture rate was 61 percent. The predominant bacterial and fungal pathogens isolated were S. epidermidis and Fusarium spp. Prior corneal injury was more frequent among fungal keratitis than bacterial keratitis cases (p<0.0001). Coexisting systemic diseases, ocular diseases, and previous ocular surgery were more frequent among BK cases (p=0.001; p=0.001; p=0.004; respectively). The following clinical findings were more frequent in bacterial keratitis hypopion, corneal peripheral superficial vascularisation, and ulceration area >20 mm² (p<0.05). The diagnosis was predicted correctly in 81.6 percent of bacterial keratitis cases and in 48.1 percent of fungal keratitis cases.

CONCLUSION:

Medical judgment of microbial keratitis agent is possible based on clinical and epidemiological data, but it is more difficult for fungal infection. Thus, such data cannot be the only basis for the diagnosis of suspected microbial keratitis, but oriented clinical suspicion based on these data may be beneficial for guiding antimicrobial treatment and earlier therapy.
RESUMO

OBJETIVO:

Os objetivos deste estudo foram os seguintes 1) mostrar epidemiologia da ceratite microbiana (CM) no sudeste do Brasil, 2) para comparar as diferenças epidemiológicas entre ceratites fúngicas (CF) e bacterianas (CB) e 3) avaliar a frequência com que os oftalmologistas distinguem com precisão ceratite fúngica de ceratite bacteriana baseado no diagnóstico clínico.

MÉTODOS:

Uma análise retrospectiva de todas as ceratites microbianas diagnosticadas clinicamente apresentando entre outubro de 2003 e setembro de 2006 foi realizada. As características demográficas, relativas ocular e de laboratório, e informações aos fatores de risco e evolução clínica foram registrados.

RESULTADOS:

Dentre 118 pacientes consecutivos com diagnóstico clínico de ceratite microbiana, a taxa de cultura positiva foi de 61 por cento. Os patógenos predominantes de bactérias e fungos isolados foram S. epidermidis e Fusarium spp. O trauma de córnea foi mais frequente entre os casos de ceratite fúngica do que ceratite bacteriana (p<0,0001). A coexistência de doenças sistêmicas, doenças oculares e cirurgia ocular prévia foram mais frequentes entre os casos de ceratite bacteriana (p=0,001, p=0,001, p=0,004, respectivamente). Os seguintes achados clínicos foram mais frequentes em ceratite bacteriana hipópio, vascularização periférica da córnea superficial e área de ulceração >20 mm² (p<0,05). O diagnóstico foi corretamente estimado em 81,6 por cento dos casos de CB e em 48,1 por cento dos casos de CF.

CONCLUSÃO:

A presunção clínica do agente da ceratite microbiana é possível baseada em dados clínicos e epidemiológicos, mas é mais difícil para infecção fúngica. Assim, esses dados não podem ser a única base para o diagnóstico de suspeita de ceratite microbiana, mas a suspeita clínica orientada com base nesses dados pode ser benéfica para orientar o tratamento antimicrobiano e terapia precoce.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Eye Infections, Bacterial / Eye Infections, Fungal / Keratitis Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Arq. bras. oftalmol Journal subject: Ophthalmology Year: 2011 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: São Paulo University/BR / UNICAMP/BR / USP/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Eye Infections, Bacterial / Eye Infections, Fungal / Keratitis Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Arq. bras. oftalmol Journal subject: Ophthalmology Year: 2011 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: São Paulo University/BR / UNICAMP/BR / USP/BR