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In vitro and in vivo antileishmanial efficacy of a combination therapy of diminazene and artesunate against Leishmania donovani in BALB/c mice / Estudo in vitro e in vivo da eficácia anti leishmaniótica de terapêutica combinada de Diminazene e Artesunate contra Leishmania donovani em camundongos Balb/c
Mutiso, Joshua Muli; Macharia, John Chege; Barasa, Mustafa; Taracha, Evans; Bourdichon, Alain J; Gicheru, Michael M.
  • Mutiso, Joshua Muli; Institute of Primate Research. Department of Tropical and Infectious Diseases. Nairobi. KE
  • Macharia, John Chege; Institute of Primate Research. Department of Tropical and Infectious Diseases. Nairobi. KE
  • Barasa, Mustafa; Kenyatta University. School of Pure and Applied Sciences. Department of Zoological Sciences. Nairobi. KE
  • Taracha, Evans; Institute of Primate Research. Department of Tropical and Infectious Diseases. Nairobi. KE
  • Bourdichon, Alain J; TROPMED GMbH.
  • Gicheru, Michael M; Kenyatta University. School of Pure and Applied Sciences. Department of Zoological Sciences. Nairobi. KE
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 53(3): 129-132, May-June 2011. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-592772
ABSTRACT
The in vitro and in vivo activity of diminazene (Dim), artesunate (Art) and combination of Dim and Art (Dim-Art) against Leishmania donovani was compared to reference drug; amphotericin B. IC50 of Dim-Art was found to be 2.28 ± 0.24 µg/mL while those of Dim and Art were 9.16 ± 0.3 µg/mL and 4.64 ± 0.48 µg/mL respectively. The IC50 for Amphot B was 0.16 ± 0.32 µg/mL against stationary-phase promastigotes. In vivo evaluation in the L. donovani BALB/c mice model indicated that treatments with the combined drug therapy at doses of 12.5 mg/kg for 28 consecutive days significantly (p < 0.001) reduced parasite burden in the spleen as compared to the single drug treatments given at the same dosages. Although parasite burden was slightly lower (p < 0.05) in the Amphot B group than in the Dim-Art treatment group, the present study demonstrates the positive advantage and the potential use of the combined therapy of Dim-Art over the constituent drugs, Dim or Art when used alone. Further evaluation is recommended to determine the most efficacious combination ratio of the two compounds.
RESUMO
A atividade in vitro e in vivo de Diminazene (Dim), Artezunate (Art) e a combinação Dim e Art (Dim-Art) contra Leishmania donovani foi comparada com a droga de referência Anfotericina B. IC50 da Dim-Art foi 2,28 ± 0,24 µg/mL enquanto aquelas de Dim e Art foram 9,16 ± 0,3 µg/mL e 4,64 ± 0,48 µg/mL respectivamente. O IC50 da Anfotericina B foi 0,16 ± 0,32 µg/mL contra a fase estacionária de promastigotas. A avaliação in vivo do modelo de L. donovani em camundongos Balb/c indicou que os tratamentos com a terapêutica de drogas combinadas em doses de 12,5 mg/kg por 28 dias consecutivos significantemente (p < 0,001) reduziu a carga parasitária no baço quando comparada a tratamentos com uma única droga dada nas mesmas dosagens. Embora a carga parasitária tenha sido levemente mais baixa (p < 0.05) no grupo Anfotericina B quando comparada com o grupo tratado Dim-Art, o estudo presente demonstra a vantagem positiva do uso potencial da terapêutica combinada Dim-Art sobre drogas como Dim ou Art quando usadas isoladamente. Posterior avaliação é recomendada para determinar a média de combinação mais eficaz dos dois compostos.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Leishmania donovani / Amphotericin B / Artemisinins / Diminazene / Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Antiprotozoal Agents Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo Journal subject: Tropical Medicine Year: 2011 Type: Article Affiliation country: Kenya Institution/Affiliation country: Institute of Primate Research/KE / Kenyatta University/KE

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Leishmania donovani / Amphotericin B / Artemisinins / Diminazene / Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Antiprotozoal Agents Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo Journal subject: Tropical Medicine Year: 2011 Type: Article Affiliation country: Kenya Institution/Affiliation country: Institute of Primate Research/KE / Kenyatta University/KE